{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:24:55Z","timestamp":1760145895120,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,6]],"date-time":"2024-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725580800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Innovation Foundation for Doctor Dissertation of Northwestern Polytechnical University","award":["CX2024040","51705422","2021ZDLGY11-10","SWY2021003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CX2024040","51705422","2021ZDLGY11-10","SWY2021003"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CX2024040","51705422","2021ZDLGY11-10","SWY2021003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CX2024040","51705422","2021ZDLGY11-10","SWY2021003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015401","name":"Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CX2024040","51705422","2021ZDLGY11-10","SWY2021003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CX2024040","51705422","2021ZDLGY11-10","SWY2021003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015401","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Suzhou Science and Technology Plan","award":["CX2024040","51705422","2021ZDLGY11-10","SWY2021003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CX2024040","51705422","2021ZDLGY11-10","SWY2021003"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>To detect damage in mechanical structures, acoustic emission (AE) inspection is considered as a powerful tool. Generally, the classical acoustic emission detection method uses a sparse sensor array to identify damage and its location. It often depends on a pre-defined wave velocity and it is difficult to yield a high localization accuracy for complicated structures using this method. In this paper, the passive guided wave phased array method, a dense sensor array method, is studied, aiming to obtain better AE localization accuracy in aluminum thin plates. Specifically, the proposed method uses a cross-shaped phased array enhanced with four additional far-end sensors for AE source localization. The proposed two-step method first calculates the real-time velocity and the polar angle of the AE source using the phased array algorithm, and then solves the location of the AE source with the additional far-end sensor. Both numerical and physical experiments on an aluminum flat panel are carried out to validate the proposed method. It is found that using the cross-shaped guided wave phased array method with enhanced far-end sensors can localize the coordinates of the AE source accurately without knowing the wave velocity in advance. The proposed method is also extended to a stiffened thin-walled structure with high localization accuracy, which validates its AE source localization ability for complicated structures. Finally, the influences of cross-shaped phased array element number and the time window length on the proposed method are discussed in detail.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s24175806","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,6]],"date-time":"2024-09-06T10:29:45Z","timestamp":1725618585000},"page":"5806","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Acoustic Emission Source Localization Using an Enhanced Guided Wave Phased Array Method"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Jiaying","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Astronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zexing","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Astronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3029-1657","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chao","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Astronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China"},{"name":"Yangtze River Delta R&D Institute, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Suzhou 215400, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5073-4334","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fei","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Astronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.12989\/sem.2015.54.6.1075","article-title":"A review of the application of acoustic emission technique in engineering","volume":"54","author":"Gholizadeh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Struct. 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