{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T06:02:55Z","timestamp":1772604175101,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,17]],"date-time":"2024-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726531200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003196","name":"Italian Ministry of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Ricerca Corrente 2022\u20132024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Ricerca Corrente 2022\u20132024"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003196","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Stroke-induced immunosuppression (SII) represents a negative rehabilitative prognostic factor associated with poor motor performance at discharge from a neurorehabilitation unit (NRB). This study aims to evaluate the association between SII and gait impairment at NRB admission. Methods: Forty-six stroke patients (65.4 \u00b1 15.8 years, 28 males) and 42 healthy subjects (HS), matched for age, sex, and gait speed, underwent gait analysis using an inertial measurement unit at the lumbar level. Stroke patients were divided into two groups: (i) the SII group was defined using a neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio \u2265 5, and (ii) the immunocompetent (IC) group. Harmonic ratio (HR) and short-term largest Lyapunov\u2019s exponent (sLLE) were calculated as measures of gait symmetry and stability, respectively. Results: Out of 46 patients, 14 (30.4%) had SII. HR was higher in HS when compared to SII and IC groups (p &lt; 0.01). HR values were lower in SII when compared to IC subjects (p &lt; 0.01). sLLE was lower in HS when compared to SII and IC groups in the vertical and medio-lateral planes (p \u2264 0.01 for all comparisons). sLLE in the medio-lateral plane was higher in SII when compared to IC subjects (p = 0.04). Conclusions: SII individuals are characterized by a pronounced asymmetric gait and a more impaired dynamic gait stability. Our findings underline the importance of devising tailored rehabilitation programs in patients with SII. Further studies are needed to assess the long-term outcomes and the role of other clinical features on gait pattern.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s24186012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,18]],"date-time":"2024-09-18T01:16:10Z","timestamp":1726622170000},"page":"6012","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Differences in Trunk Acceleration-Derived Gait Indexes in Stroke Subjects with and without Stroke-Induced Immunosuppression"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Luca","family":"Martinis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy"},{"name":"Movement Analysis Research Section, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5329-5197","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefano Filippo","family":"Castiglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, \u201cSapienza\u201d University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy"},{"name":"Movement Analysis Laboratory, Policlinico Italia, 00162 Rome, Italy"}]},{"given":"Gloria","family":"Vaghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy"},{"name":"Movement Analysis Research Section, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Morotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, 25121 Brescia, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Continuity of Care and Frailty, ASST Spedali Civili, 25121 Brescia, Italy"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Grillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy"},{"name":"Movement Analysis Research Section, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Corrado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy"},{"name":"Movement Analysis Research Section, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy"}]},{"given":"Federico","family":"Bighiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy"},{"name":"Movement Analysis Research Section, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy"}]},{"given":"Francescantonio","family":"Cammarota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy"},{"name":"Movement Analysis Research Section, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Antoniazzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy"},{"name":"Movement Analysis Research Section, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0452-4015","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Correale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports Science Unit, Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Liberali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports Science Unit, Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0706-3632","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisa Maria","family":"Piella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy"},{"name":"Movement Analysis Research Section, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy"}]},{"given":"Dante","family":"Trabassi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, \u201cSapienza\u201d University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3031-680X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariano","family":"Serrao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, \u201cSapienza\u201d University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy"},{"name":"Movement Analysis Laboratory, Policlinico Italia, 00162 Rome, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1513-2113","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"Tassorelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy"},{"name":"Movement Analysis Research Section, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9415-4948","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto","family":"De Icco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy"},{"name":"Movement Analysis Research Section, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"GBD 2016 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators (2017). 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