{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:25:48Z","timestamp":1760145948995,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,19]],"date-time":"2024-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726704000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, CCNU","award":["3110120001","2022AIZD0056"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3110120001","2022AIZD0056"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Development Project of Hangzhou City","award":["3110120001","2022AIZD0056"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3110120001","2022AIZD0056"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Norms have been effectively utilized to facilitate smooth interactions among agents. Norms are usually the global data that agents cannot directly access in complex environments; instead, norms can only be indirectly accessed by agents via maintaining their own beliefs about norms. Establishing norms using decentralized interaction-based methods has attracted much attention. However, the current methods overlook Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) environments. In IIoT, there is a prevalent feature called \u201cconflict-blocking\u201d, where agents\u2019 conflicting action strategies can block an interaction from being completed or even cause danger. To facilitate norm emergence in IIoT, we propose a framework to support agent decisions in conflict-blocking interactions. The framework aids in achieving system scalability by integrating the fusion of agent beliefs about norms. We prove that the proposed framework guarantees norm emergence. We also theoretically and experimentally analyze the time required for norm emergence under the influence of various factors, such as the number of agents. A vehicle movement simulator is also developed to vividly illustrate the process of norm emergence.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s24186047","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,19]],"date-time":"2024-09-19T04:59:54Z","timestamp":1726721994000},"page":"6047","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Norm Emergence through Conflict-Blocking Interactions in Industrial Internet of Things Environments"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Yuchen","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanqin","family":"Miao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shaoxing Electric Power Equipment Co., Ltd., Shaoxing 312025, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gang","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Computing Innovation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311200, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yikun","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computing and Information Technology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Nomi 923-1292, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zijie","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Niu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Artificial Intelligence in Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1257\/jep.10.2.105","article-title":"The economics of convention","volume":"10","author":"Young","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. 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