{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T03:07:43Z","timestamp":1784948863566,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,4]],"date-time":"2024-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728000000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2022-00144147"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2022-00144147"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20224B10100060"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20224B10100060"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) R&amp;D program","award":["RS-2022-00144147"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2022-00144147"]}]},{"name":"Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) R&amp;D program","award":["20224B10100060"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20224B10100060"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007053","name":"Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2022-00144147"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2022-00144147"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007053","name":"Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20224B10100060"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20224B10100060"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this study, an Integrated Electronics Piezoelectric (IEPE)-type accelerometer based on an environmentally friendly lead-free piezoceramic was fabricated, and its field applicability was verified using a cooling pump owned by the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI). As an environmentally friendly piezoelectric material, 0.96(K,Na)NbO3-0.03(Bi,Na,K,Li)ZrO3-0.01BiScO3 (0.96KNN-0.03BNKLZ-0.01BS) piezoceramic with an optimized piezoelectric charge constant (d33) was introduced. It was manufactured in a ring shape using a solid-state reaction method for application to a compression mode accelerometer. The fabricated ceramic ring has a high piezoelectric constant d33 of ~373 pC\/N and a Curie temperature TC of ~330 \u00b0C. It was found that the electrical and physical characteristics of the 0.96KNN-0.03BNKLZ-0.01BS piezoceramic were comparable to those of a Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PZT) ring ceramic. As a result of a vibration test of the IEPE accelerometer fabricated using the lead-free piezoelectric ceramic, the resonant frequency fr = 20.0 kHz and voltage sensitivity Sv = 101.1 mV\/g were confirmed. The fabricated IEPE accelerometer sensor showed an excellent performance equivalent to or superior to that of a commercial IEPE accelerometer sensor based on PZT for general industrial use. A field test was carried out to verify the applicability of the fabricated sensor in an actual industrial environment. The test was conducted by simultaneously installing the developed sensor and a commercial PZT-based sensor in the ball bearing housing location of a centrifugal pump. The centrifugal pump was operated at 1180 RPM, and the generated vibration signals were collected and analyzed. The test results confirmed that the developed eco-friendly lead-free sensor has comparable vibration measurement capability to that of commercial PZT-based sensors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s24196436","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,4]],"date-time":"2024-10-04T12:02:20Z","timestamp":1728043340000},"page":"6436","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Development and Field Test of Integrated Electronics Piezoelectric Accelerometer Based on Lead-Free Piezoelectric Ceramic for Centrifugal Pump Monitoring"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2763-5068","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Byung-Hoon","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuclear System Integrity Sensing & Diagnosis Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon 34057, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dae-Sic","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuclear System Integrity Sensing & Diagnosis Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon 34057, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeong-Han","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuclear System Integrity Sensing & Diagnosis Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon 34057, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2687-7049","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Min-Ku","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuclear System Integrity Sensing & Diagnosis Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon 34057, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gyoung-Ja","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuclear System Integrity Sensing & Diagnosis Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon 34057, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3602","DOI":"10.1109\/TIM.2009.2018693","article-title":"A New Impedance Measurement System for PZT-Based Structural Health Monitoring","volume":"58","author":"Baptista","year":"2009","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. 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