{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,28]],"date-time":"2026-06-28T17:47:29Z","timestamp":1782668849802,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,6]],"date-time":"2024-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728172800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Monash University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A simplified axisymmetric model of a transfemoral osseointegration implant was used to investigate the influence of the contact condition at the bone\u2013implant interface on the vibrational response. The experimental setup allowed the degree of implant tightness to be controlled using a circumferential compression device affixed to the bone. Diametrically placed sensors allowed torsional modes to be distinguished from flexural modes. The results showed that the structural resonant frequencies did not shift significantly with tightness levels. The first torsional mode of vibration was found to be particularly sensitive to interface loosening. Harmonics in the vibrational response became prominent when the amplitude of the applied torque increased beyond a critical level. The torque level at which the third harmonic begins to rise correlated with implant criticality, suggesting a potential strategy for early detection of implant loosening based on monitoring the amplitude of the third harmonic of the torsional mode.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s24196453","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,7]],"date-time":"2024-10-07T07:30:18Z","timestamp":1728286218000},"page":"6453","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Harmonic Vibration Analysis in a Simplified Model for Monitoring Transfemoral Implant Loosening"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Qingsong","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louis Raymond Francis","family":"Rose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2921-3742","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Ebeling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Russ","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia"},{"name":"National Trauma Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0183-7761","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark","family":"Fitzgerald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia"},{"name":"National Trauma Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4359-2814","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wing Kong","family":"Chiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-017-1976-4","article-title":"Biomechanical characterisation of bone-anchored implant systems for amputation limb prostheses: A systematic review","volume":"46","author":"Thesleff","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann. 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