{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T04:39:18Z","timestamp":1760243958790,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,6]],"date-time":"2009-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1233878400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper describes the design, fabrication, packaging and testing of a microlens integrated in a multi-layered MEMS microspectrometer. The microlens was fabricated using modified PDMS molding to form a suspended lens diaphragm. Gaussian beam propagation model was used to measure the focal length and quantify M2 value of the microlens. A tunable calibration source was set up to measure the response of the packaged device. Dual wavelength separation by the packaged device was demonstrated by CCD imaging and beam profiling of the spectroscopic output. We demonstrated specific techniques to measure critical parameters of microoptics systems for future optimization of spectroscopic devices<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s90200859","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,7]],"date-time":"2009-02-07T02:34:01Z","timestamp":1233974041000},"page":"859-868","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Performance of a Diaphragmed Microlens for a Packaged Microspectrometer"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Joe","family":"Lo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}]},{"given":"Shih-Jui","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrical Engineering and Electrophysics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2786-9884","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qiyin","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA"},{"name":"Engineering Physics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada"}]},{"given":"Thanassis","family":"Papaioannou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}]},{"given":"Eun-Sok","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrical Engineering and Electrophysics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA USA"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Gundersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrical Engineering and Electrophysics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA USA"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Marcu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Engineering, University of California at Davis, USA"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"064026","DOI":"10.1117\/1.2141624","article-title":"Diagnosis of meningioma by time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy","volume":"10","author":"Butte","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. 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