{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T04:39:55Z","timestamp":1760243995541,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,6]],"date-time":"2009-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1241568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Clogging of anode flow channels by CO2 bubbles is a vital problem for further performance improvements of the micro direct methanol fuel cell (\u03bcDMFC). In this paper, a new type anode structure usingthe concept of the non-equipotent serpentine flow field (NESFF) to solve this problem was designed, fabricated and tested. Experiments comparing the \u03bcDMFC with and without this type of anode flow field were implemented using a home-made test loop. Results show that the mean-value, amplitude and frequency of the inlet-to-outlet pressure drops in the NESFF is far lower than that in the traditional flow fields at high \u03bcDMFC output current. Furthermore, the sequential images of the CO2 bubbles as well as the \u03bcDMFC performance with different anode flow field pattern were also investigated, and the conclusions are in accordance with those derived from the pressure drop experiments. Results of this study indicate that the non-equipotent design of the \u00b5DMFC anode flow field can effectively mitigate the CO2 clogging in the flow channels, and hence lead to a significant promotion of the \u03bcDMFC performance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s90503314","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,6]],"date-time":"2009-05-06T12:56:49Z","timestamp":1241614609000},"page":"3314-3324","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Effects of Anode Flow Field Design on CO2 Bubble Behavior in \u03bcDMFC"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Miaomiao","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Micro\/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116023, P.R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junsheng","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Micro\/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116023, P.R. China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory for Precision and Non-traditional Machining Technology of Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning Province, P.R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Micro\/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116023, P.R. China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory for Precision and Non-traditional Machining Technology of Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning Province, P.R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gongquan","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Direct Alcohol Fuel Cell Laboratory, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian, Liaoning Province, P. R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Direct Alcohol Fuel Cell Laboratory, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian, Liaoning Province, P. R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125019","DOI":"10.1088\/0960-1317\/18\/12\/125019","article-title":"Miniaturised microDMFC using silicon Microsystems techniques: performances at low fuel flow rate","volume":"18","author":"Kamitani","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Micromech. 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