{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T11:36:52Z","timestamp":1778931412556,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,28]],"date-time":"2009-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1254096000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A hand-held luminometer for measuring electrochemiluminescence (ECL) for lactate determination and based on one-shot biosensors fabricated using screen-printed electrodes is described. The lactate recognition system is based on lactate oxidase and the transduction system consists of electro-oxidation of luminol, with all the reagents immobilized in a Methocel membrane. The membrane composition and reaction conditions have been optimized to obtain adequate sensitivity. The luminometer is based on a large silicon photodiode as detector and includes a programmable potentiostat to initialize the chemical reaction and signal processing circuitry, designed to acquire a low level photocurrent with offset cancelation, low pass filtering for noise attenuation and adjustable gain up to 1012 V\/A. The one-shot biosensor responds to lactate rapidly, with an acquisition time of 2.5 min, obtaining a linear dependence from 8 \u00d7 10\u22126 to 2 \u00d7 10\u22124 M, a detection limit of 2.4 \u00d7 10\u22126 M and a sensor-to-sensor reproducibility (relative standard deviation, RSD) of around 7\u201310 % at the medium level of the range.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s91007694","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,28]],"date-time":"2009-09-28T13:03:56Z","timestamp":1254143036000},"page":"7694-7710","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["A Portable Luminometer with a Disposable Electrochemiluminescent Biosensor for Lactate Determination"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Antonio","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Olmos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ecsens, Department of Electronics and Computer Technology, Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julio","family":"Ballesta-Claver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ECsens, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Campus Fuentenueva, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9050-5413","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alberto J.","family":"Palma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ecsens, Department of Electronics and Computer Technology, Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria del Carmen","family":"Valencia-Mir\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ECsens, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Campus Fuentenueva, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7112-3601","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis Fermin","family":"Capit\u00e1n-Vallvey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ECsens, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Campus Fuentenueva, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1089\/152091504774198115","article-title":"Analysis: the promise of lactic acid monitoring in ambulatory individuals","volume":"6","author":"Friedl","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diabetes Tech. 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Estad\u00edstica y Quimiometr\u00eda para Qu\u00edmica Anal\u00edtica, Prentice Hall."}],"container-title":["Sensors"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/9\/10\/7694\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T22:11:15Z","timestamp":1760220675000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/9\/10\/7694"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,28]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,10]]}},"alternative-id":["s91007694"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s91007694","relation":{},"ISSN":["1424-8220"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1424-8220","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,28]]}}}