{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T03:53:03Z","timestamp":1773978783425,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,27]],"date-time":"2009-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1256601600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A biosensor is defined as a kind of analytical device incorporating a biological material, a biologically derived material or a biomimic intimately associated with or integrated within a physicochemical transducer or transducing microsystem. Electrochemical biosensors incorporating enzymes with nanomaterials, which combine the recognition and catalytic properties of enzymes with the electronic properties of various nanomaterials, are new materials with synergistic properties originating from the components of the hybrid composites. Therefore, these systems have excellent prospects for interfacing biological recognition events through electronic signal transduction so as to design a new generation of bioelectronic devices with high sensitivity and stability. In this review, we describe approaches that involve nanomaterials in direct electrochemistry of redox proteins, especially our work on biosensor design immobilizing glucose oxidase (GOD), horseradish peroxidase (HRP), cytochrome P450 (CYP2B6), hemoglobin (Hb), glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). The topics of the present review are the different functions of nanomaterials based on modification of electrode materials, as well as applications of electrochemical enzyme biosensors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s91108547","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,27]],"date-time":"2009-10-27T11:24:16Z","timestamp":1256642656000},"page":"8547-8561","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":116,"title":["Applications of Nanomaterials in Electrochemical Enzyme Biosensors"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Huihui","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Songqin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biodevices, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhihui","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jianchun","family":"Bao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaodi","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"121","article-title":"Electrochemical biosensors: recommended definitions and classification","volume":"16","author":"Thevenot","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biosens. 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