{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T06:15:47Z","timestamp":1771913747135,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,1]],"date-time":"2018-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1535760000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003093","name":"Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FRGS\/1\/2017\/STG06\/UCSI\/03\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FRGS\/1\/2017\/STG06\/UCSI\/03\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003093","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Symmetry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The vague graph has found its importance as a closer approximation to real life situations. A review of the literature in this area reveals that the edge coloring problem for vague graphs has not been studied until now. Therefore, in this paper, we analyse the concept of vertex and edge coloring on simple vague graphs. Specifically, two new definitions for vague graphs related to the concept of the \u03bb-strong-adjacent and \u03b6-strong-incident of vague graphs are introduced. We consider the color classes to analyze the coloring on the vertices in vague graphs. The proposed method illustrates the concept of coloring on vague graphs, using the definition of color class, which depends only on the truth membership function. Applications of the proposal in solving practical problems related to traffic flow management and the selection of advertisement spots are mainly discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/sym10090373","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,3]],"date-time":"2018-09-03T10:50:51Z","timestamp":1535971851000},"page":"373","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["New Concepts on Vertex and Edge Coloring of Simple Vague Graphs"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8204-7467","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arindam","family":"Dey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Saroj Mohan Institute of Technology, Hooghly 712512, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6356-0046","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Le Hoang","family":"Son","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Data Science, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam"},{"name":"Faculty of Information Technology, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P. K. Kishore","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Information Technology Department, Al Musanna College of Technology, Sultanate of Oman 111, Oman"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7161-2109","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ganeshsree","family":"Selvachandran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Business and Information Science, UCSI University, Jalan Menara Gading, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shio Gai","family":"Quek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"A-Level Academy, UCSI College KL Campus, Lot 12734, JalanChoo Lip Kung, Taman Taynton View, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 560005, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Zadeh, L.A., Fu, K.S., and Shimura, M. 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