{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T10:23:57Z","timestamp":1774952637514,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,1]],"date-time":"2018-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1543622400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["71371156"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["71371156"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Doctoral Innovation Fund Program of Southwest Jiaotong University","award":["D-CX201727"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["D-CX201727"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Symmetry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>With environmental issues becoming increasingly important worldwide, plenty of enterprises have applied the green supply chain management (GSCM) mode to achieve economic benefits while ensuring environmental sustainable development. As an important part of GSCM, green supplier selection has been researched in many literatures, which is regarded as a multiple criteria group decision making (MCGDM) problem. However, these existing approaches present several shortcomings, including determining the weights of decision makers subjectively, ignoring the consensus level of decision makers, and that the complexity and uncertainty of evaluation information cannot be adequately expressed. To overcome these drawbacks, a new method for green supplier selection based on the q-rung orthopair fuzzy set is proposed, in which the evaluation information of decision makers is represented by the q-rung orthopair fuzzy numbers. Combined with an iteration-based consensus model and the q-rung orthopair fuzzy power weighted average (q-ROFPWA) operator, an evaluation matrix that is accepted by decision makers or an enterprise is obtained. Then, a comprehensive weighting method can be developed to compute the weights of criteria, which is composed of the subjective weighting method and a deviation maximization model. Finally, the TODIM (TOmada de Decisao Interativa e Multicritevio) method, based on the prospect theory, can be extended into the q-rung orthopair fuzzy environment to obtain the ranking result. A numerical example of green supplier selection in an electric automobile company was implemented to illustrate the practicability and advantages of the proposed approach.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/sym10120687","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,3]],"date-time":"2018-12-03T06:02:09Z","timestamp":1543816929000},"page":"687","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":63,"title":["A Novel Approach for Green Supplier Selection under a q-Rung Orthopair Fuzzy Environment"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Rui","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Transportation and Logistics, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China"}]},{"given":"Yanlai","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Transportation and Logistics, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China"},{"name":"National Lab of Railway Transportation, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"395","article-title":"Establishing green supplier appraisement platform using grey concepts","volume":"2","author":"Sahu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Grey Syst."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2014.09.045","article-title":"Application of fuzzy VIKOR for evaluation of green supply chain management practices","volume":"49","author":"Rostamzadeh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ecol. Indic."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4357","DOI":"10.1080\/00207540701440303","article-title":"Green supply chain practices and the selection of environmental technologies","volume":"45","author":"Vachon","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J. Prod. Res."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4830","DOI":"10.1080\/00207543.2012.657970","article-title":"A decision-making model for lean, agile, resilient and green supply chain management","volume":"50","author":"Cabral","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Prod. Res."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1108\/09576059910284159","article-title":"Designing the green supply chain","volume":"12","author":"Beamon","year":"2013","journal-title":"Logist. Inf. Manag."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2010.01.016","article-title":"Green supplier development: Analytical evaluation using rough set theory","volume":"18","author":"Bai","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, K.Q., Liu, H.C., Liu, L., and Huang, J. (2017). Green supplier evaluation and selection using cloud model theory and the QUALIFLEX method. Sustainability, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/su9050688"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2016.09.059","article-title":"An extended TODIM multi-criteria group decision making method for green supplier selection in interval type-2 fuzzy environment","volume":"258","author":"Qin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. J. Oper. Res."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2013.12.076","article-title":"Fuzzy axiomatic design approach based green supplier selection: Acase study from singapore","volume":"96","author":"Kannan","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1080\/00207543.2013.825748","article-title":"Green procurement and green supplier development: Antecedents and effects on supplier performance","volume":"52","author":"Blome","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Prod. Res."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2013.06.046","article-title":"Multi criteria decision making approaches for green supplier evaluation and selection: A literature review","volume":"98","author":"Govindan","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhu, J.H., and Li, Y.L. (2018). Green supplier selection based on consensus process and integrating prioritized operator and Choquet integral. Sustainability, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/su10082744"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, J., Wei, G.W., and Wei, Y. (2018). Models for green supplier selection with some 2-tuple linguistic neutrosophic number Bonferroni mean operators. Symmetry, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/sym10050131"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cor.2016.02.015","article-title":"Green supplier selection using fuzzy group decision making methods: A case study from the agri-food industry","volume":"89","author":"Banaeian","year":"2017","journal-title":"Comput. Oper. Res."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2016.07.031","article-title":"Multi-criteria evaluation of green suppliers using an extended WASPAS method with interval type-2 fuzzy sets","volume":"137","author":"Ghorabaee","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.3233\/IFS-141281","article-title":"An intuitionsitic fuzzy judgement matrix and TOPSIS integrated multi-criteria decision making method for green supplier selection","volume":"28","author":"Cao","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Intell. Fuzzy Syst."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1222","DOI":"10.1109\/TFUZZ.2016.2604005","article-title":"Generalized orthopair fuzzy sets","volume":"25","author":"Yager","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Fuzzy Syst."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1002\/int.21927","article-title":"Some q-rung orthopair fuzzy aggregation operators and their applications to multiple-attribute decision making","volume":"33","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Intell. Syst."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1426","DOI":"10.1002\/int.21985","article-title":"Some q-rung orthopair fuzzy Heronian mean operators in multiple attribute decision making","volume":"33","author":"Wei","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Intell. Syst."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1002\/int.21933","article-title":"Some q-rung orthopair fuzzy Bonferroni mean operators and their application to multi-attribute group decision making","volume":"33","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Intell. Syst."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4477","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2010.08.005","article-title":"A web based consensus support system for group decision making problems and incomplete preferences","volume":"180","author":"Alonso","year":"2010","journal-title":"Inf. Sci."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1142\/S0218488508005236","article-title":"Integration of a consistency control module within a consensus model","volume":"16","author":"Chiclana","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. J. Uncertain. Fuzz. Knowl.-Based Syst."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inffus.2013.04.002","article-title":"A review of soft consensus models in a fuzzy environment","volume":"17","author":"Cabrerizo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Inf. Fusion"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2013.03.061","article-title":"On measures of cohesiveness under dichotomous opinions: Some characterizations of approval consensus measures","volume":"240","author":"Alcantud","year":"2013","journal-title":"Inf. Sci."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1876","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcm.2011.12.020","article-title":"A unifying model to measure consensus solutions in a society","volume":"57","author":"Alcantud","year":"2013","journal-title":"Math. Comput. Model."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1109\/3468.983429","article-title":"The power average operator","volume":"31","author":"Yager","year":"2001","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern Part A Syst. Hum."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, P., Chen, S.M., and Wang, P. (2018). Multiple-attribute group decision-making based on q-rung orthopair fuzzy power maclaurin symmetric mean operators. IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Syst., 1\u201316.","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMC.2018.2852948"},{"key":"ref_28","first-page":"113","article-title":"TODIM: Basic and application to multicriteria ranking of projects with environmental impacts","volume":"16","author":"Gomes","year":"1991","journal-title":"Found. Comput. Decis. Sci."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.2307\/1914185","article-title":"Prospect theory: An analysis of decision under risk","volume":"47","author":"Kahneman","year":"1979","journal-title":"Econometrica"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2017.09.010","article-title":"Solving multi-criteria group decision making problems under environments with a high number of alternatives using fuzzy ontologies and multi-granular linguistic modelling methods","volume":"137","author":"Kou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Knowl.-Based Syst."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2017.05.038","article-title":"An approach to improve the accuracy of probabilistic classifiers fordecision support systems in sentiment analysis","volume":"67","author":"Espada","year":"2018","journal-title":"Appl. Soft Comput."},{"key":"ref_32","first-page":"60","article-title":"Combining fuzzy AHP with GIS and decision rules for industrial site selection","volume":"4","author":"Taibi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Interact. Multimedia Artif. Intell."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7917","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2008.11.052","article-title":"A green supplier selection model for high-tech industry","volume":"36","author":"Lee","year":"2009","journal-title":"Expert Syst. Appl."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, H.M.W., Chou, S.Y., Luu, Q.D., and Yu, H.K. (2016). A fuzzy MCDM approach for green supplier selection from the economic and environmental aspects. Math. Probl. Eng.","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/8097386"},{"key":"ref_35","first-page":"443","article-title":"An integrated MCDM approach to green supplier selection","volume":"5","author":"Yazdani","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Ind. Eng. Comput."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tsui, C.W., and Wen, U.P. (2014). A hybrid multiple criteria group decision-making approach for green supplier selection in the TFT-LCD industry. Math. Probl. Eng.","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/709872"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpe.2014.09.026","article-title":"Green supplier selection and evaluation using DEA-type composite indicators","volume":"157","author":"Dobos","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Prod. Econ."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpe.2014.09.027","article-title":"An integrated green supplier selection approach with analytic network process and improved grey relational analysis","volume":"159","author":"Hashemi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Prod. Econ."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2010.03.020","article-title":"Integration of artificial neural network and MADA methods for green supplier selection","volume":"18","author":"Kuo","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1661","DOI":"10.3390\/su7021661","article-title":"Developing a green supplier selection model by using the DANP with VIKOR","volume":"7","author":"Kuo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1057\/jors.2015.86","article-title":"An interval type-2 fuzzy sets-based TODIM method and its application to green supplier selection","volume":"67","author":"Sang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Oper. Res. Soc."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omega.2016.10.004","article-title":"Application of a novel PROMETHEE-based method for construction of a group compromise ranking to prioritization of green suppliers in food supply chain","volume":"71","author":"Govindan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Omega"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50372","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2868374","article-title":"A hybrid MCDM approach for large group green supplier selection with uncertain linguistic information","volume":"6","author":"Quan","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1016\/S0019-9958(65)90241-X","article-title":"Fuzzy sets","volume":"8","author":"Zadeh","year":"1965","journal-title":"Inf. Control"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0114(86)80034-3","article-title":"Intuitionistic fuzzy sets","volume":"20","author":"Atanassov","year":"1986","journal-title":"Fuzzy Sets Syst."},{"key":"ref_46","first-page":"158","article-title":"Green supplier selection based on IFS and GRA","volume":"3","author":"Bali","year":"2013","journal-title":"Grey Syst."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1109\/TFUZZ.2013.2278989","article-title":"Pythagorean membership grades in multicriteria decision making","volume":"22","author":"Yager","year":"2014","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Fuzzy Syst."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, L., Zhang, R.T., Wang, J., Shang, X.P., and Bai, K.Y. (2018). A novel approach to multi-attribute group decision-making with q-rung picture linguistic information. Symmetry, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/sym10050172"},{"key":"ref_49","first-page":"409","article-title":"Picture fuzzy sets","volume":"30","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Comput. Sci. Cybern."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ullah, K., Mahmood, T., and Jan, N. (2018). Similarity measures for T-spherical fuzzy sets with applications in pattern recognition. Symmetry, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/sym10060193"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCA.2002.802821","article-title":"A consensus model for multiperson decision making with different preference structures","volume":"32","author":"Herrera","year":"2002","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Part A Syst. Hum."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1109\/TFUZZ.2006.889952","article-title":"A consensus model for group decision making with incomplete fuzzy preference relations","volume":"15","author":"Alonso","year":"2007","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Fuzzy Syst."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2016.08.018","article-title":"A group decision making model considering both the additive consistency and group consensus of intuitionistic fuzzy preference relations","volume":"101","author":"Chu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Comput. Ind. Eng."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2015.02.023","article-title":"Trust based consensus model for social network in an incomplete linguistic information context","volume":"35","author":"Wu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Appl. Soft Comput."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2015.2413894","article-title":"Possibility distribution-based approach for MAGDM with hesitant fuzzy linguistic information","volume":"46","author":"Wu","year":"2016","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Cybern."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2014.11.011","article-title":"Minimizing adjusted simple terms in the consensus reaching process with hesitant linguistic assessments in group decision making","volume":"297","author":"Dong","year":"2015","journal-title":"Inf. Sci."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2014.06.035","article-title":"Two consensus models based on the minimum cost and maximum return regarding either all individuals or one individual","volume":"240","author":"Gong","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. J. Oper. Res."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2015.07.031","article-title":"Consensus modeling with nonlinear utility and cost constraints: A case study","volume":"88","author":"Gong","year":"2015","journal-title":"Knowl.-Based Syst."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2015.12.007","article-title":"Mathematical programming methods for consistency and consensus in group decision making with intuitionistic fuzzy preference relations","volume":"98","author":"Xu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Knowl.-Based Syst."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, Z.M., and Pedrycz, W. (2018). Goal programming approaches to managing consistency and consensus for intuitionistic multiplicative preference relations in group decision-making. IEEE Trans. Fuzzy Syst., In press.","DOI":"10.1109\/TFUZZ.2018.2818074"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2011.12.025","article-title":"Generalized power aggregation operators and their applications in group decision making","volume":"62","author":"Zhou","year":"2012","journal-title":"Comput. Ind. Eng."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2011.01.011","article-title":"Approaches to multiple attribute group decision making based on intuitionistic fuzzy power aggregation operators","volume":"24","author":"Xu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Knowl.-Based Syst."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apm.2012.09.017","article-title":"Power average operators of trapezoidal intuitionistic fuzzy numbers and application to multi-attribute group decision making","volume":"37","author":"Wan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Appl. Math. Model."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1080\/18756891.2013.862357","article-title":"An approach to multiple attribute group decision making based on intuitionistic trapezoidal fuzzy power generalized aggregation operator","volume":"7","author":"Liu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Comput. Intell. Syst."},{"key":"ref_65","first-page":"401","article-title":"Generalized interval-valued Atanassov\u2019s intuitionistic fuzzy power operators and their application to group decision making","volume":"15","author":"He","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Fuzzy Syst."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2235","DOI":"10.3233\/IFS-151699","article-title":"Multiple attribute group decision making methods based on intuitionistic fuzzy Frank power aggregation operators","volume":"29","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Intell. Fuzzy Syst."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1002\/int.21946","article-title":"Pythagorean fuzzy power aggregation operators in multiple attribute decision making","volume":"33","author":"Wei","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Intell. Syst."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1002\/int.21861","article-title":"A new interval numbers power average operator in multiple attribute decision making","volume":"32","author":"Song","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Intell. Syst."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-014-1736-4","article-title":"The generalized hybrid weighted average operator based on interval neutrosophic hesitant set and its application to multiple attribute decision making","volume":"26","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neural Comput. Appl."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5427","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apm.2011.12.002","article-title":"Linguistic power aggregation operators and their application to multiple attribute group decision making","volume":"36","author":"Xu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Appl. Math. Model."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu, X.H., Qian, J., Peng, J.J., and Xue, C.C. (2018). A multi-criteria group decision-making method with possibility degree and power aggregation operators of single trapezoidal neutrosophic numbers. Symmetry, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/sym10110590"},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1002\/int.21968","article-title":"Minkowski-type distance measures for generalized orthopair fuzzy sets","volume":"33","author":"Du","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Intell. Syst."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1007\/s10726-009-9164-z","article-title":"A deviation-based approach to intuitionistic fuzzy multiple attribute group decision making","volume":"19","author":"Xu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Group Decis. Negot."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssci.2018.04.031","article-title":"A new risk assessment approach: Safety and critical effect analysis (SCEA) and its extension with Pythagorean fuzzy sets","volume":"108","author":"Ilbahar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Saf. Sci."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1080\/18756891.2015.1001954","article-title":"A fuzzy TODIM approach for the supplier selection problem","volume":"8","author":"Tosun","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Comput. Intell. Syst."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1142\/S0219622012500095","article-title":"Evaluation of classification algorithms using MCDM and rank correlation","volume":"11","author":"Kou","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Inf. Technol. Decis. Mak."},{"key":"ref_77","first-page":"108","article-title":"Intuitionistic fuzzy aggregation operators","volume":"14","author":"Xu","year":"2013","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Fuzzy Syst."}],"container-title":["Symmetry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-8994\/10\/12\/687\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T15:33:55Z","timestamp":1760196835000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-8994\/10\/12\/687"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,1]]},"references-count":77,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]}},"alternative-id":["sym10120687"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/sym10120687","relation":{},"ISSN":["2073-8994"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2073-8994","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,1]]}}}