{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,25]],"date-time":"2025-10-25T19:08:23Z","timestamp":1761419303707,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,22]],"date-time":"2019-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1555891200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003329","name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda y Competitividad","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TEC2016-79700-C2-2-R"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TEC2016-79700-C2-2-R"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003329","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008049","name":"Fundaci\u00f3n Banco Santander","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FONDECYT 11180434"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FONDECYT 11180434"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Symmetry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this work, we have analyzed different versions of periodic structures made with metallic pins located inside a parallel plate waveguide (PPWG), varying the symmetry and disposition of the pins. The analysis focuses on two main parameters related to wave propagation. On one hand, we have studied how the different proposed structures can create a stopband so that the parallel plate modes can be used in gap waveguide technology or filtering structures. On the other hand, we have analyzed the dispersion and equivalent refractive index of the first propagating transverse electromagnetic mode (TEM). The results show how the use of complex structures made with pins in the top and bottom plates of a PPWG have no advantages in terms of the achieved stopband size. However, for the case of the propagating mode, it is possible to find less dispersive modes and a higher range of equivalent refractive indices when using double-pin structures compared to a reference case with single pins.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/sym11040582","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,22]],"date-time":"2019-04-22T11:02:53Z","timestamp":1555930973000},"page":"582","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Analysis of Periodic Structures Made of Pins Inside a Parallel Plate Waveguide"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Nafsika","family":"Memeletzoglou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Signal Theory and Communications, University Carlos III of Madrid, 28911 Legan\u00e9s, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0929-5648","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Sanchez-Cabello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Signal Theory and Communications, University Carlos III of Madrid, 28911 Legan\u00e9s, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0516-4736","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco","family":"Pizarro-Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela de Ingenier\u00eda El\u00e9ctrica, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Valpara\u00edso, Valpara\u00edso 2362804, Chile"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8012-9802","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eva","family":"Rajo-Iglesias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Signal Theory and Communications, University Carlos III of Madrid, 28911 Legan\u00e9s, Spain"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1109\/TAP.2007.915442","article-title":"Electromagnetic Characterization of Textured Surfaces Formed by Metallic Pins","volume":"56","author":"Silveirinha","year":"2008","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. 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