{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T03:45:43Z","timestamp":1760240743061,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,5]],"date-time":"2019-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1567641600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Symmetry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>(1) Background: Although olfaction is the predominant sensory modality in rodents, studies focusing on lateralisation of olfactory processing remain scarce, and they are limited to the exploration of brain asymmetries. This study aimed to test whether outbred and inbred mice (NMRI and C57BL\/6J mice strains) show nostril-use preference in processing olfactory stimuli differing in terms of emotional valence under unrestrained conditions. (2) Methods: Five odour stimuli were used in the study: vanilla, female urine, garlic, rat, distilled water. We measured the number of times mice used their left or right nostril for each testing session. (3) Results: We here showed that mice preferentially used their right nostril when sniffing attractive stimuli (female urine, vanilla), and their left nostril when sniffing aversive stimuli (rat odour). Results were consistent for both strains. (4) Conclusions: Surprisingly, the results obtained seem opposite to the valence theory assessing that the left and the right hemispheres are dominant in processing stimuli with a positive and a negative valence, respectively. It remains to be determined whether this valence-dependent pattern is specific or not to olfaction in mice. These new findings will be important to better understand how both hemispheres contribute to odour processing in rodents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/sym11091129","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,6]],"date-time":"2019-09-06T02:59:22Z","timestamp":1567738762000},"page":"1129","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Olfactory Laterality Is Valence-Dependent in Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9372-2306","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christelle","family":"Jozet-Alves","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UMR EthoS 6552, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, University of Rennes, CNRS, 14000 Caen, France"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1540-6201","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Solenn","family":"Percelay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"COMETE, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, GIP CYCERON, 14000 Caen, France"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0857-2295","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valentine","family":"Bouet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"COMETE, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, GIP CYCERON, 14000 Caen, France"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2013.08.010","article-title":"Mapping odor valence in the brain of flies and mice","volume":"24","author":"Knaden","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"4","article-title":"Wiring olfaction: The cellular and molecular mechanisms that guide the development of synaptic connections from the nose to the cortex","volume":"3","year":"2009","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"unstructured":"Finger, T.E., and Silver, W.L. (1987). The central olfactory and accessory olfactory system. Neurobiology of Taste and Smell, Wiley.","key":"ref_3"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902230204","article-title":"The development of axonal connections in the central olfactory system of rats","volume":"223","author":"Schwob","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901780408","article-title":"Association and commissural fiber systems of the olfactory cortex of the rat. I. Systems originating in the piriform cortex and adjacent areas","volume":"178","author":"Haberly","year":"1978","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06281","article-title":"Innate versus learned odour processing in the mouse olfactory bulb","volume":"450","author":"Kobayakawa","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4515","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4750-14.2015","article-title":"The olfactory tubercle encodes odor valence in behaving mice","volume":"35","author":"Gadziola","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2011.07940.x","article-title":"Electrophysiological responses of rat olfactory tubercle neurons to biologically relevant odours","volume":"35","author":"Rampin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5750","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1781-12.2013","article-title":"Laterality and symmetry in rat olfactory behavior and in physiology of olfactory input","volume":"33","author":"Parthasarathy","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1997.78.1.160","article-title":"Binaral interactions in the rat piriform cortex","volume":"78","author":"Wilson","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3672125","article-title":"New routes to early memories","volume":"238","author":"Kucharski","year":"1987","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7044.109.3.563","article-title":"Unilateral conditioning of an odor aversion in 6-day-old rat pups","volume":"109","author":"Kucharski","year":"1995","journal-title":"Behav. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429-016-1235-8","article-title":"Activity in the rat olfactory cortex is correlated with behavioral response to odor: A microPET study","volume":"222","author":"Litaudon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain Struct. Funct."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-4328(90)90042-D","article-title":"Cerebral lateralization of olfactory-mediated affective processes in rats","volume":"40","author":"Dantzer","year":"1990","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-4328(94)90006-X","article-title":"Lateralization of membrane-associated protein kinase C in rat piriform cortex: Specific to operant training cues in the olfactory modality","volume":"61","author":"Olds","year":"1994","journal-title":"Behav. Brain. Res."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1701","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2014.288381","article-title":"Dynamic cortical lateralization during olfactory discrimination learning","volume":"593","author":"Cohen","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14602","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-15109-x","article-title":"Task-correlated cortical asymmetry and intra-and inter-hemispheric separation","volume":"7","author":"Cohen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.applanim.2004.11.012","article-title":"Motor and sensory laterality in thoroughbred horses","volume":"92","author":"Rogers","year":"2005","journal-title":"Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anbehav.2011.05.020","article-title":"Sniffing with the right nostril: Lateralization of response to odour stimuli by dogs","volume":"82","author":"Siniscalchi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Anim. Behav."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2008.03.002","article-title":"Laterality and emotions: Visual laterality in the domestic horse (Equus caballus) differs with objects\u2019 emotional value","volume":"94","author":"Henry","year":"2008","journal-title":"Physiol. Behav."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1080\/1357650X.2015.1005629","article-title":"Right-nostril use during sniffing at arousing stimuli produces higher cardiac activity in jumper horses","volume":"20","author":"Siniscalchi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Laterality"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2016.02.011","article-title":"The dog nose \u201cKNOWS\u201d fear: Asymmetric nostril use during sniffing at canine and human emotional stimuli","volume":"304","author":"Siniscalchi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Behav. Brain. Res."},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rogers, L.J., Vallortigara, G., and Andrew, R.J. (2013). Divided Brains: The Biology and Behaviour of Brain Asymmetries, Cambridge University Press.","key":"ref_23","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511793899"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1093\/chemse\/bjh067","article-title":"Lateralization of olfactory processes","volume":"29","author":"Royet","year":"2004","journal-title":"Chem. Senses"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2017.11.034","article-title":"Sex differences in olfactory-induced neural activation of the amygdala","volume":"346","author":"Kikusui","year":"2018","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"0030","DOI":"10.1038\/s41559-016-0030","article-title":"Lateralization of mother\u2013infant interactions in a diverse range of mammal species","volume":"1","author":"Karenina","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Ecol. Evol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7044.115.2.443","article-title":"Psychogenic, neurogenic, and systemic stressor effects on plasma corticosterone and behavior: Mouse strain-dependent outcomes","volume":"115","author":"Anisman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Behav. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1058","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2656.2000.00462.x","article-title":"Mouse population eruptions in New Zealand forests: The role of population density and seedfall","volume":"69","author":"Choquenot","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Anim. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-9993.2007.01770.x","article-title":"Rats dying for mice: Modelling the competitor release effect","volume":"32","author":"Caut","year":"2007","journal-title":"Austr. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.applanim.2013.02.002","article-title":"The emergence of emotional lateralization: Evidence in non-human vertebrates and implications for farm animals","volume":"145","author":"Leliveld","year":"2013","journal-title":"Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1097\/WNR.0b013e3283196b3e","article-title":"Lateralized sex differences in stress-induced dopamine release in the rat","volume":"20","author":"Sullivan","year":"2009","journal-title":"NeuroReport"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1037\/h0033521","article-title":"Innate and conditioned reactions to threat in rats with amygdaloid lesions","volume":"81","author":"Blanchard","year":"1972","journal-title":"J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-7634(01)00053-7","article-title":"Neural plasticity and stress induced changes in defense in the rat","volume":"25","author":"Adamec","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2003.09.017","article-title":"Phosphorylated cyclic AMP response element binding protein expression induced in the periaqueductal gray by predator stress: Its relationship to the stress experience, behavior and limbic neural plasticity","volume":"27","author":"Adamec","year":"2003","journal-title":"Prog Neuro Psychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2005.06.026","article-title":"Role of NMDA receptors in the lateralized potentiation of amygdala afferent and efferent neural transmission produced by predator stress","volume":"86","author":"Adamec","year":"2005","journal-title":"Physiol. Behav."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(91)91333-V","article-title":"Side and region dependent changes in dopamine activation with various durations of restraint stress","volume":"550","author":"Carlson","year":"1991","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9568.2003.02436.x","article-title":"Impact of high and low anxiety on cognitive performance in a modified hole board test in C57BL\/6 and DBA\/2 mice","volume":"17","author":"Ohl","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2006.09.006","article-title":"The odour span task: A novel paradigm for assessing working memory in mice","volume":"52","author":"Young","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9280.1992.tb00254.x","article-title":"Emotion and affective style: Hemispheric substrates","volume":"3","author":"Davidson","year":"1992","journal-title":"Psychol. Sci."}],"container-title":["Symmetry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-8994\/11\/9\/1129\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T13:17:08Z","timestamp":1760188628000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-8994\/11\/9\/1129"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,5]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]}},"alternative-id":["sym11091129"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/sym11091129","relation":{},"ISSN":["2073-8994"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2073-8994"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,5]]}}}