{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T20:55:02Z","timestamp":1767905702895,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,15]],"date-time":"2019-11-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1573776000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the National Key R&amp;D program for HPC","award":["2016YFB0200603"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016YFB0200603"]}]},{"name":"the National Key R&amp;D Program for international cooperation","award":["2018YFE9103900"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018YFE9103900"]}]},{"name":"The Guangdong MEPP Fund","award":["No. GDOE[2019] A01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. GDOE[2019] A01"]}]},{"name":"the project of Guangzhou Science and Technology program","award":["201704030089"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201704030089"]}]},{"name":"The NSFC project","award":["11972384"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11972384"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Symmetry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper presents a large-scale Domain Decomposition Method (DDM) based Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) for predicting the behavior of indoor airflow, where the aim is to design a comfortable and efficient indoor air environment of modern buildings. An analogy of the single-phase convection problems is applied, and the pressure stabilized domain decomposition method is used to symmetrize the linear systems of Navier-Stokes equations and the convection-diffusion equation. Furthermore, a balancing preconditioned conjugate gradient method is utilized to deal with the interface problem caused by domain decomposition. The entire simulation model is validated by comparing the numerical results with that of recognized experimental and numerical data from previous literature. The transient behavior of indoor airflow and its complexity in the ventilated room are discussed; the velocity and vortex distribution of airflow are investigated, and its possible influence on particle accumulation is classified.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/sym11111416","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,15]],"date-time":"2019-11-15T11:24:32Z","timestamp":1573817072000},"page":"1416","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Study of Indoor Ventilation Based on Large-Scale DNS by a Domain Decomposition Method"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Junyang","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China"}]},{"given":"Zichao","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China"}]},{"given":"Trevor Hocksun","family":"Kwan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China"}]},{"given":"Chun-Ho","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China"}]},{"given":"Qinghe","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"61","article-title":"Reducing burden of disease from residential indoor air exposures in Europe (HEALTHVENT project)","volume":"15","author":"Asikainen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. 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