{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T03:28:47Z","timestamp":1775014127787,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":89,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,24]],"date-time":"2020-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1587686400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2019R1A2C1005920"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2019R1A2C1005920"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Symmetry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The standardization activities of the fifth generation communications are clearly over and deployment has commenced globally. To sustain the competitive edge of wireless networks, industrial and academia synergy have begun to conceptualize the next generation of wireless communication systems (namely, sixth generation, (6G)) aimed at laying the foundation for the stratification of the communication needs of the 2030s. In support of this vision, this study highlights the most promising lines of research from the recent literature in common directions for the 6G project. Its core contribution involves exploring the critical issues and key potential features of 6G communications, including: (i) vision and key features; (ii) challenges and potential solutions; and (iii) research activities. These controversial research topics were profoundly examined in relation to the motivation of their various sub-domains to achieve a precise, concrete, and concise conclusion. Thus, this article will contribute significantly to opening new horizons for future research directions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/sym12040676","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,29]],"date-time":"2020-04-29T01:29:15Z","timestamp":1588123755000},"page":"676","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":303,"title":["Sixth Generation (6G) Wireless Networks: Vision, Research Activities, Challenges and Potential Solutions"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8579-5444","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammed H.","family":"Alsharif","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, Korea"}]},{"given":"Anabi Hilary","family":"Kelechi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Engineering, College of Engineering, Covenant University, Canaanland, Ota P.M.B 1023, Ogun State, Nigeria"}]},{"given":"Mahmoud A.","family":"Albreem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, A\u2019Sharqiyah University, Ibra 400, Oman"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9321-6956","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shehzad Ashraf","family":"Chaudhry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Istanbul Gelisim University, Avc\u0131lar, 34310 \u0130stanbul, Turkey"}]},{"given":"M. Sultan","family":"Zia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and IT, University of Lahore, Gujrat Campus 50180, Pakistan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1762-5915","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sunghwan","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Korea"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1007\/s11235-016-0195-x","article-title":"Evolution towards fifth generation (5G) wireless networks: Current trends and challenges in the deployment of millimetre wave, massive MIMO, and small cells","volume":"64","author":"Alsharif","year":"2017","journal-title":"Telecommun. Syst."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Albreem, M.A., Alsharif, M.H., and Kim, S. (2020). 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