{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T06:59:35Z","timestamp":1760597975500,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,23]],"date-time":"2020-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1592870400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Symmetry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This work presents an analysis of low-visibility event persistence and prediction at Villanubla Airport (Valladolid, Spain), considering Runway Visual Range (RVR) time series in winter. The analysis covers long- and short-term persistence and prediction of the series, with different approaches. In the case of long-term analysis, a Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (DFA) approach is applied in order to estimate large-scale RVR time series similarities. The short-term persistence analysis of low-visibility events is evaluated by means of a Markov chain analysis of the binary time series associated with low-visibility events. We finally discuss an hourly short-term prediction of low-visibility events, using different approaches, some of them coming from the persistence analysis through Markov chain models, and others based on Machine Learning (ML) techniques. We show that a Mixture of Experts approach involving persistence-based methods and Machine Learning techniques provides the best results in this prediction problem.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/sym12061045","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,24]],"date-time":"2020-06-24T07:14:19Z","timestamp":1592982859000},"page":"1045","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Persistence Analysis and Prediction of Low-Visibility Events at Valladolid Airport, Spain"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Sara","family":"Cornejo-Bueno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Signal Processing and Communications, Universidad de Alcal\u00e1, 28805 Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Signal Processing and Communications, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28943 Fuenlabrada, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5721-1242","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Casillas-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Signal Processing and Communications, Universidad de Alcal\u00e1, 28805 Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Signal Processing and Communications, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28943 Fuenlabrada, Spain"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Cornejo-Bueno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Signal Processing and Communications, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28943 Fuenlabrada, Spain"}]},{"given":"Mihaela I.","family":"Chidean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Signal Processing and Communications, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28943 Fuenlabrada, Spain"}]},{"given":"Antonio J.","family":"Caama\u00f1o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Signal Processing and Communications, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28943 Fuenlabrada, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4253-4831","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julia","family":"Sanz-Justo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LATUV, Remote Sensing Laboratory, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Casanova-Mateo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LATUV, Remote Sensing Laboratory, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4048-1676","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sancho","family":"Salcedo-Sanz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Signal Processing and Communications, Universidad de Alcal\u00e1, 28805 Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, Spain"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosres.2014.06.010","article-title":"Fog events and local atmospheric features simulated by regional climate model for the metropolitan area of Sao Paulo, Brazil","volume":"151","author":"Segalin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Atmos. 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