{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T07:26:52Z","timestamp":1770967612357,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":96,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,9]],"date-time":"2020-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1594252800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Symmetry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The selection of sustainable supplier is an extremely important for sustainable supply chain management (SSCM). The assessment process of sustainable supplier selection is a complicated task for decision experts due to involvement of several qualitative and quantitative criteria. As the uncertainty is commonly occurred in sustainable supplier selection problem and hesitant fuzzy set (HFS), an improvement of Fuzzy Set (FS), has been proved as one of the efficient and superior ways to express the uncertain information arisen in practical problems. The present study proposes a novel framework based on COPRAS (Complex Proportional Assessment) method and SWARA (Step-wise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis) approach to evaluate and select the desirable sustainable supplier within the HFSs context. In the proposed method, an extended SWARA method is employed for determining the criteria weights based on experts\u2019 preferences. Next, to illustrate the efficiency and practicability of the proposed methodology, an empirical case study of sustainable supplier selection problem is taken under Hesitant Fuzzy (HF) environment. Further, sensitivity analysis is performed to check the stability of the presented methodology. At last, a comparison with existing methods is conducted to verify the strength of the obtained result. The final outcomes confirm that the developed framework is more consistent and powerful than other existing approaches.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/sym12071152","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,10]],"date-time":"2020-07-10T09:45:31Z","timestamp":1594374331000},"page":"1152","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":86,"title":["Hesitant Fuzzy SWARA-Complex Proportional Assessment Approach for Sustainable Supplier Selection (HF-SWARA-COPRAS)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Pratibha","family":"Rani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics, National Institute of Technology, Warangal (Telangana) 506004, India"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9949-5813","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arunodaya Raj","family":"Mishra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics, Government College, Jaitwara (M. P.) 485221, India"}]},{"given":"Raghunathan","family":"Krishankumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computing, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, T. N. 613401, India"}]},{"given":"Abbas","family":"Mardani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Informetrics Research Group, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 758307, Vietnam"},{"name":"Faculty of Business Administration, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 758307, Vietnam"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4533-1025","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fausto","family":"Cavallaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Economics, University of Molise, Via De Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2397-461X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kattur","family":"Soundarapandian Ravichandran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computing, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, T. N. 613401, India"}]},{"given":"Karthikeyan","family":"Balasubramanian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computing, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, T. N. 613401, India"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, Y., Jin, L., and Zhu, F. (2019). A multi-criteria group decision making model for green supplier selection under the ordered weighted hesitant fuzzy environment. Symmetry, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/sym11010017"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2019.106231","article-title":"Sustainable supplier selection in healthcare industries using a new MCDM method: Measurement of alternatives and ranking according to Compromise solution (MARCOS)","volume":"140","author":"Stevic","year":"2020","journal-title":"Comput. Ind. 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