{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T13:37:06Z","timestamp":1765546626617,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,12]],"date-time":"2020-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597190400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["107-2410-H-034-018-MY2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["107-2410-H-034-018-MY2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Symmetry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>While the importance of Corporate Sociable Responsibility (CSR) has been widely acknowledged, research on how to guide a company in evaluating and improving its CSR performance is relatively under-explored. This paper adopts the predominant framework from the United Nations (UN) and proposes a refined CSR model by using a hybrid multiple criteria decision-making (MCDM) approach. The proposed approach is expected to mitigate the potential information asymmetry issue that might deteriorate the CSR performance of a company. To illustrate the hybrid approach, this study analyzes the CSR performance of four publicly listed information technology (IT) manufacturing companies with the participation of senior domain experts, by using the proposed approach. The CSR performance ranking results are consistent by using various experiments, which is similar to the annual CSR contest held by a prominent organization from Taiwan in 2019. In addition, we illustrate how to apply this refined model to gain managerial insights and pursue sustainable CSR improvement with a priority.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/sym12081349","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,13]],"date-time":"2020-08-13T02:58:02Z","timestamp":1597287482000},"page":"1349","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Use of a Refined Corporate Social Responsibility Model to Mitigate Information Asymmetry and Evaluate Performance"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Ya-Lan","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Management, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6659-2684","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kao-Yi","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Banking &amp; Finance, Chinese Culture University, Taipei 11114, Taiwan"}]},{"given":"Jim-Yuh","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IEMBA, College of Business, National Taipei University, New Taipei City 23741, Taiwan"}]},{"given":"Pin","family":"Luarn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Management, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1002\/tqem.3310080106","article-title":"Partnerships from cannibals with forks: The triple bottom line of 21st-century business","volume":"8","author":"Elkington","year":"1998","journal-title":"Environ. 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