{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T05:45:15Z","timestamp":1767851115542,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,7]],"date-time":"2020-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1602028800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Symmetry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The vibrating flip-flow screen (VFFS) is a high-efficiency device currently used for deep screening of moist fine-grained materials. During VFFS operation, the normal operation of the screen is affected by fatigue damage to the shear springs arranged symmetrically on both sides of the screen, leading to equipment failures and disruption production. In this paper, the shear spring\u2019s static and dynamic characteristics in different operation conditions were studied using the INSTRON 8801 fatigue test system and Dynacell dynamic sensors. Using an experimental test of shear spring stiffness and damping coefficients, the effects of some factors, i.e., temperature, hardness, amplitude and frequency, were studied. The results show that the temperature of the shear spring on the left side of the flip-flow screen was higher than that of the right side (driving side). With an increase in temperature, the stiffness of the shear spring decreased. With the increase in amplitude, the dynamic stiffness decreased and the damping coefficients did not change; with the increase in frequency, the dynamic stiffness increased and the damping coefficient decreased. At the same amplitude, with the increase in hardness of the shear spring, the dynamic stiffness increased. Finally, the stiffness and damping coefficients of the shear spring before and after tearing were obviously reduced. These research results reveal the relationship of the characteristics of a shear spring with operational conditions, and could provide a theoretical reference for the design of the VFFS and the selection of the shear spring.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/sym12101644","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,7]],"date-time":"2020-10-07T09:12:58Z","timestamp":1602061978000},"page":"1644","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Research on Static and Dynamic Characteristics of Shear Spring of the Vibrating Flip-Flow Screen"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Guofeng","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical &amp;Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Beijing 100083, China"}]},{"given":"Xinwen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical &amp;Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Beijing 100083, China"}]},{"given":"Chi","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical &amp;Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Beijing 100083, China"}]},{"given":"Shucheng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical &amp;Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Beijing 100083, China"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical &amp;Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Beijing 100083, China"}]},{"given":"Guohui","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical &amp;Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Beijing 100083, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.powtec.2016.10.076","article-title":"Kinematics of variable-amplitude screen and analysis of particle behavior during the process of coal screening","volume":"306","author":"Jiang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Powder Technol."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"404","article-title":"25 years of polyurethane screen planets in mineral processing","volume":"35","author":"Dietz","year":"1994","journal-title":"Aufbereit. Tech."},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"686","article-title":"Flip-flow screens of the third generation","volume":"33","author":"Hirsch","year":"1992","journal-title":"Aufbereit. Tech."},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"Wu, M. (1988). Stability Theory of Elastic Stick, Academic Education Press."},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"118","article-title":"Discussing on screen theory of flip-flow screen","volume":"18","author":"Schmit","year":"1977","journal-title":"Aufbereit. Tech. J."},{"key":"ref_6","unstructured":"Zhao, Y., and Liu, C. (1998, January 14\u201318). Research on polytechnic parameters of flip-flow screen. Proceedings of the 14th Annual International Pittsburgh Coal Conference, Pittsburgh, PA, USA."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Filter Media (2016). Banana flip-flow screen benefits coal preparation. Filtr. Sep. J., 7\/8, 38\u201341.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-1882(16)30170-7"},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"38","article-title":"Banana flip-flow screen benefits coal preparation","volume":"43","author":"Zheng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Filtr. Sep."},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"1","article-title":"Performance optimization of a new air table and flip-flow screen for fine particle dry separation","volume":"39","author":"Akbari","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Coal Prep. Util."},{"key":"ref_10","unstructured":"Guo, Q., and Gong, G. (2016, January 28). Application of flip flow screen in Sihe coal preparation 1 plant. Proceedins of the XVIII International Coal Preparation Congress, Saint-Petersburg, Russia."},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"1340","article-title":"The basic dynamics study of flip-flow screen and particles based on MATLAB","volume":"444\u2013445","author":"Zhang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Appl. Mech. Mater."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmst.2014.01.009","article-title":"Characteristics analysis of a novel centralized-driving flip-flow screen","volume":"24","author":"Peng","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Min. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsv.2017.09.005","article-title":"Vibration characteristics of an inclined flip-flow screen panel in banana flip-flow screens","volume":"411","author":"Xiong","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Sound Vib."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1080\/19392699.2017.1389727","article-title":"Performance Optimization of a New Air Table and Flip-flow Screen for Fine Particle Dry Separation","volume":"40","author":"Hamid","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Coal Prep. Util."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu, J., Liu, C., Jiang, H., and Zhang, B. (2020). A vibration-test-based calculation method of screening material mass of a mining crank-link type flip-flow screen. Energy Sources Part A, 1\u201321.","DOI":"10.1080\/15567036.2020.1778139"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1016\/j.powtec.2020.03.054","article-title":"A novel and low cost coal separation process: Combination of deep screening classification and gravity separation","volume":"367","author":"Zhou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Powder Technol."},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"1","article-title":"Dynamic Characteristics of a Vibrating Flip-flow Screen and Analysis for Screening 3 mm Iron Ore","volume":"7","author":"Yu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Shock Vib."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106619","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymssp.2020.106619","article-title":"An experimentally validated rubber shear spring model for vibrating flip-flow screens","volume":"139","author":"Gong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mech. Syst. Signal Process."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apt.2019.12.029","article-title":"Effect of excitation parameters on motion characteristics and classification performance of rigid-flexible coupled elastic screen surface for moist coal","volume":"31","author":"Jiang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Powder Technol."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1006\/jsvi.2001.3728","article-title":"Vibration of a coupled two-degree-of-freedom system","volume":"247","author":"Cveticanin","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Sound Vib."},{"key":"ref_21","first-page":"149","article-title":"Research and application of shear spring of double mass vibrating relaxation screen","volume":"50","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Coal Eng."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gong, S. (2018, January 29). Non-linear Analysis of Vibrating Flip-flow Screens. Proceedings of the MATEC Web of Conferences, Melbourne, Australia.","DOI":"10.1051\/matecconf\/201822104007"},{"key":"ref_23","first-page":"168","article-title":"Modal analysis and test of rubber for vibrating relaxation screen","volume":"38","author":"Hong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Coal Technol."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymertesting.2013.01.008","article-title":"Influence of the temperature on the mechanical behavior of filled and unfilled silicone rubbers","volume":"32","author":"Rey","year":"2013","journal-title":"Polym. Test. J."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26950","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.2971317","article-title":"Viscoelasticity of Rubber Springs Affects Vibration Characteristics of a Flip-flow Screen With the High G Value","volume":"8","author":"Tang","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Access J."},{"key":"ref_26","first-page":"2274","article-title":"Study on dynamic stiffness characteristics of shock absorber","volume":"38","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. China Ordnance."},{"key":"ref_27","unstructured":"Wen, B., Liu, S., Chen, Z., and Li, H. (2009). Theory of Mechanical Vibration and Its Applications, Higher Education Press."},{"key":"ref_28","unstructured":"Li, X., and Yang, L. (2016). Mechanical Vibrations, Tsinghua University Press. [5th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_29","first-page":"735","article-title":"Research on the Stress Softening Effect and Hysteresis Effect of Vulcanized Rubber","volume":"12","author":"Lin","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Rubber Ind."},{"key":"ref_30","unstructured":"Wang, X. (2014). Modern Coal Preparation Screening and Dewatering Equipment, China Coal Industry Publishing House."},{"key":"ref_31","unstructured":"Polach, O. (2015, January 17\u201321). Modelling of rubber components using estimated parameters. Proceedings of the 24th International Symposium on Dynamics of Vehicles on Roads and Tacks, Graz, Austria."},{"key":"ref_32","first-page":"31","article-title":"Range analysis and variance analysis in orthogonal experiment","volume":"9","author":"Tang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Second Math J."}],"container-title":["Symmetry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-8994\/12\/10\/1644\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T10:17:05Z","timestamp":1760177825000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-8994\/12\/10\/1644"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,7]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]}},"alternative-id":["sym12101644"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/sym12101644","relation":{},"ISSN":["2073-8994"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2073-8994","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,7]]}}}