{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,6]],"date-time":"2025-12-06T17:12:16Z","timestamp":1765041136974,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,24]],"date-time":"2020-12-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1608768000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["51778543"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51778543"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Chengdu-Lanzhou Railway Special Project","award":["CLRQT-2016-006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CLRQT-2016-006"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Symmetry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>As a symmetrical structure in track system, the dynamic properties of recycled composite sleepers are important factors affecting the vibration characteristics of track structure. To study the viscoelastic dynamic properties of the composite sleeper, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) tests of a composite sleeper at \u22125 to 30 \u00b0C and 1\u201360 Hz were first carried out, and then the time-temperature superposition (TTS) and the Williams\u2013Landel\u2013Ferry (WLF) formula were used to predict the dynamic properties of a composite sleeper at a wider frequency range. Finally, the generalized Maxwell model was adopted to characterize the dynamic properties of the composite sleeper, which provides parameters and theoretical models for dynamic analysis. The research results show that the composite sleeper has obvious viscoelasticity. Its modulus is large at low temperature or high frequency. On the contrary, the modulus is small at high temperature or low frequency. Under the test conditions, its complex modulus ranges from 1500 to 2700 MPa. The loss factor is in the range of 0.08\u20130.13. Using the generalized Maxwell model (n = 4), which can better reflect the dynamic properties of the composite sleeper.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/sym13010017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,24]],"date-time":"2020-12-24T22:56:45Z","timestamp":1608850605000},"page":"17","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Experimental Study on Dynamic Properties of a Recycled Composite Sleeper and Its Theoretical Model"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9983-1485","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhenhang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of High-Speed Railway Engineering, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Railway Engineering, Shijiazhuang Institute of Railway Technology, Shijiazhuang 050041, China"}]},{"given":"Chenghui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of High-Speed Railway Engineering, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"National Railway Administration of the People\u2019s Republic of China (2014). 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