{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T07:27:08Z","timestamp":1768894028738,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,28]],"date-time":"2021-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622160000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Symmetry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The goal of clustering is to identify common structures in a data set by forming groups of homogeneous objects. The observed characteristics of many economic time series motivated the development of classes of distributions that can accommodate properties, such as heavy tails and skewness. Thanks to its flexibility, the skewed exponential power distribution (also called skewed generalized error distribution) ensures a unified and general framework for clustering possibly skewed and heavy tailed time series. This paper develops a clustering procedure of model-based type, assuming that the time series are generated by the same underlying probability distribution but with different parameters. Moreover, we propose to optimally combine the estimated parameters to form the clusters with an entropy weighing k-means approach. The usefulness of the proposal is shown by means of application to financial time series, demonstrating also how the obtained clusters can be used to form portfolio of stocks.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/sym13060959","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,31]],"date-time":"2021-05-31T03:45:29Z","timestamp":1622432729000},"page":"959","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Distribution-Based Entropy Weighting Clustering of Skewed and Heavy Tailed Time Series"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8770-7049","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raffaele","family":"Mattera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Economics and Statistics, University of Naples \u201cFederico II\u201d, 80126 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4284-520X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Massimiliano","family":"Giacalone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Economics and Statistics, University of Naples \u201cFederico II\u201d, 80126 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8542-3509","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karina","family":"Gibert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intelligent Data Science and Artificial Intelligence Research Center, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya, 08034 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1007\/s100510050929","article-title":"Hierarchical structure in financial markets","volume":"11","author":"Mantegna","year":"1999","journal-title":"Eur. 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