{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T02:23:46Z","timestamp":1760235826281,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,4]],"date-time":"2021-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633305600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Symmetry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this article, a new four-parameter lifetime model called the exponentiated generalized inverted Gompertz distribution is studied and proposed. The newly proposed distribution is able to model the lifetimes with upside-down bathtub-shaped hazard rates and is suitable for describing the negative and positive skewness. A detailed description of some various properties of this model, including the reliability function, hazard rate function, quantile function, and median, mode, moments, moment generating function, entropies, kurtosis, and skewness, mean waiting lifetime, and others are presented. The parameters of the studied model are appreciated using four various estimation methods, the maximum likelihood, least squares, weighted least squares, and Cram\u00e9r-von Mises methods. A simulation study is carried out to examine the performance of the new model estimators based on the four estimation methods using the mean squared errors (MSEs) and the bias estimates. The flexibility of the proposed model is clarified by studying four different engineering applications to symmetric and asymmetric data, and it is found that this model is more flexible and works quite well for modeling these data.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/sym13101868","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,11]],"date-time":"2021-10-11T01:59:47Z","timestamp":1633917587000},"page":"1868","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Exponentiated Generalized Inverted Gompertz Distribution: Properties and Estimation Methods with Applications to Symmetric and Asymmetric Data"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7585-5519","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahmoud","family":"El-Morshedy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adel A.","family":"El-Faheem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Aswan 81528, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Afrah","family":"Al-Bossly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"El-Dawoody","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Aswan 81528, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"513","article-title":"On the nature of the function expressive of the law of human mortality, and on a new mode of determining the value of life contingencies","volume":"115","author":"Gompertz","year":"1825","journal-title":"Philos. 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