{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T09:27:00Z","timestamp":1768814820882,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,23]],"date-time":"2021-11-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637625600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003141","name":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No. CVU: 960812"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. CVU: 960812"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003141","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Symmetry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The purpose of this research article is to develop a hybridization between the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) method and the Combinative Distance-Based Assessment (CODAS) method under Pythagorean Fuzzy environment. The traditional FMEA procedure is based on the multiplication between the parameters of severity, occurrence, and detectability where everyone has equal relative importance; therefore, different combinations of these parameters can generate the same result creating uncertainty in the analysis. In this mode, the hybridization proposed in this research deal with relative importance of each parameter; in the fact to have a more suitable combination which consider the level of knowledge of the experts in the assessment. Finally, a numerical case was carried out concerning the public transportation service to validate our proposal; the results show that 31 failure modes and potential risks can be evaluated using user perceptions, a dominant with high level of knowledge about the public transportation service and an apprentice or common user, as team of experts and exploiting the subjectivity of the information in a mathematical model. Also, we compare the results with a variation of the proposed model with the multi-criteria method multi-objective optimization method by relationship analysis (MOORA); it was observed that the convergence of the failure modes depends on the nature of the mathematical model even under the same conditions at the start.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/sym13122236","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T03:12:40Z","timestamp":1638328360000},"page":"2236","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["A Proposed Framework for Developing FMEA Method Using Pythagorean Fuzzy CODAS"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8358-1346","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Almeraz-Dur\u00e1n","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ingenier\u00eda Industrial y Manufactura, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Ciudad Ju\u00e1rez, Av. Plutarco El\u00edas Calles 1210 Fovissste Chamizal, Ciudad Ju\u00e1rez 32310, Mexico"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2541-4595","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis Asunci\u00f3n","family":"P\u00e9rez-Dom\u00ednguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ingenier\u00eda Industrial y Manufactura, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Ciudad Ju\u00e1rez, Av. Plutarco El\u00edas Calles 1210 Fovissste Chamizal, Ciudad Ju\u00e1rez 32310, Mexico"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4778-8873","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Luviano-Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ingenier\u00eda Industrial y Manufactura, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Ciudad Ju\u00e1rez, Av. Plutarco El\u00edas Calles 1210 Fovissste Chamizal, Ciudad Ju\u00e1rez 32310, Mexico"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3807-565X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jes\u00fas Israel","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez Hern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ingenier\u00eda El\u00e9ctrica y Computaci\u00f3n, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Ciudad Ju\u00e1rez (UACJ), Av. Plutarco El\u00edas Calles 1210 Fovissste Chamizal, Ciudad Ju\u00e1rez 32310, Mexico"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0859-327X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto","family":"Romero L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ingenier\u00eda Industrial y Manufactura, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Ciudad Ju\u00e1rez, Av. Plutarco El\u00edas Calles 1210 Fovissste Chamizal, Ciudad Ju\u00e1rez 32310, Mexico"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9166-3234","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Delia J.","family":"Valle-Rosales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Industrial Engineering, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Standard, M. (1980). Procedures for Performing a Failure Mode, Effects and Criticality Analysis, Standard No. MIL-STD-1629A."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"67","article-title":"Implementation of Failure Mode, Effects and Criticality Analysis in the production of automotive parts","volume":"14","author":"Belu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Qual. 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