{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T20:55:01Z","timestamp":1779915301365,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,10]],"date-time":"2021-12-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639094400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Scientific Research Fund of Institute of Engineering Mechanics, China Earthquake Administration","award":["2020D07"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020D07"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"The National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52178143"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52178143"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"The Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province","award":["LH2020E018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LH2020E018"]}]},{"name":"Opening Fund for Key Laboratory of The Ministry of Education for Structural Disaster and Control of Harbin Institute of Technology","award":["HITCE201908"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HITCE201908"]}]},{"name":"The Social Science Foundation of Hebei Province","award":["HB20GL055"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HB20GL055"]}]},{"name":"The Northeast Petroleum University Guided Innovation Fund","award":["2020YDL-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020YDL-02"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Symmetry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In order to acquire the hysteretic behavior of the asymmetrical composite joints with concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) columns and unequal high steel beams, 36 full-scale composite joints were designed, and the CFST hoop coefficient (\u03be), axial compression ratio (n0), concrete cube compressive strength (fcuk), steel tube strength (fyk), beam, and column section size were taken as the main control parameters. Based on nonlinear constitutive models of concrete and the double broken-line stress-hardening constitutive model of steel, and by introducing the symmetric contact element and multi-point constraint (MPC), reduced-scale composite joints were simulated by ABAQUS software. By comparing with the test curves, the rationality of the modeling method was verified. The influence of various parameters on the seismic performance of the full-scale asymmetrical composite joints was investigated. The results show that with the increasing of fcuk, the peak load (Pmax) and ductility of the specimens gradually increased. With the increasing of n0, the Pmax of the specimens gradually increases firstly and then gradually decreases after reaching a peak point. The composite joints have good energy dissipation capacity and the characteristic of stiffness degradation. The oblique struts force mechanism in the full-scale asymmetrical composite joint domain is proposed. By introducing influence coefficients (\u03be1 and \u03be2), the expression of shear bearing capacity of composite joints is obtained by statistical regression, which can provide theoretical support for the seismic design of asymmetrical composite joints.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/sym13122381","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,10]],"date-time":"2021-12-10T02:07:18Z","timestamp":1639102038000},"page":"2381","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Hysteretic Behavior on Asymmetrical Composite Joints with Concrete-Filled Steel Tube Columns and Unequal High Steel Beams"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Jing","family":"Ji","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, Institute of Engineering Mechanics, China Earthquake Administration, Harbin 150086, China"},{"name":"Heilongjiang Key Lab of Disaster Prevention, Mitigation and Protection Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heilongjiang Key Lab of Disaster Prevention, Mitigation and Protection Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liangqin","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, Institute of Engineering Mechanics, China Earthquake Administration, Harbin 150086, China"},{"name":"Heilongjiang Key Lab of Disaster Prevention, Mitigation and Protection Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, Institute of Engineering Mechanics, China Earthquake Administration, Harbin 150086, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongguo","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Handan Key Laboratory of Building Physical Environment and Regional Building Protection Technology, School of Architecture and Art, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056009, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingru","family":"Chai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Handan Key Laboratory of Building Physical Environment and Regional Building Protection Technology, School of Architecture and Art, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056009, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Handan Key Laboratory of Building Physical Environment and Regional Building Protection Technology, School of Architecture and Art, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056009, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongtao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Daqing Information Technology Research Center, Heilongjiang, Daqing 150090, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunhao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heilongjiang Key Lab of Disaster Prevention, Mitigation and Protection Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lingjie","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heilongjiang Key Lab of Disaster Prevention, Mitigation and Protection Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1193\/1.3240412","article-title":"Systematic seismic design for manageable loss in wood-framed buildings","volume":"25","author":"Pei","year":"2009","journal-title":"Earthq. 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