{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T15:38:04Z","timestamp":1782833884816,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,12]],"date-time":"2022-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1647043200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019YFB1406500"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019YFB1406500"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Symmetry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>With the development of satellite-terrestrial network (STN), mobile edge computing (MEC) servers are deployed at low orbit earth (LEO) satellites to provide computing services for user devices (UEs) in areas without terrestrial network coverage. There is symmetry between satellite networks and terrestrial networks, but there is asymmetry between their resources. Computing resources of satellites\u2019 MEC servers may not be enough. The satellite-terrestrial cooperation is promising, where a satellite migrates tasks to a base station (BS) in an adjacent area, thus utilizing computing resources of the BS\u2019s MEC server. Although there are some studies on computation offloading in STN, few studies consider a satellite as both a relay and a computing unit to assist UEs in computing tasks. This paper proposes a joint offloading decision and resource allocation scheme in MEC-enabled STN, which minimizes the completion delay of all UEs\u2019 indivisible tasks. Firstly, the optimization problem is formulated and decomposed. Then, the proposed scheme based on potential game and the Lagrange multiplier method makes UEs\u2019 task offloading decisions and allocates the satellite\u2019s and the BS\u2019s computing resources, thus obtaining the optimal solution through continuous iterations. Finally, the simulation results validate that the proposed scheme can obtain better gain than other baseline schemes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/sym14030564","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,13]],"date-time":"2022-03-13T21:44:17Z","timestamp":1647207857000},"page":"564","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Joint Offloading Decision and Resource Allocation in Mobile Edge Computing-Enabled Satellite-Terrestrial Network"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0915-5992","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minglei","family":"Tong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Universal Wireless Communications, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2924-2295","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoxiang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Universal Wireless Communications, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3018-3958","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Song","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information and Control Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liang","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Universal Wireless Communications, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, L., Chai, R., Yang, T., and Chen, Q. 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