{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T05:54:11Z","timestamp":1776750851606,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,11]],"date-time":"2022-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649635200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Symmetry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Optimization of logistics processes and activities in the function of supply-chain sustainability is a great challenge for logistics companies. It is necessary to rationalize processes in accordance with the strict requirements of the market, while respecting aspects of sustainability, which is not an easy task. Multicriteria decision making can be a tool that contributes to the optimization of logistics processes in terms of making the right decisions and evaluating different strategies in different logistics subsystems. In this paper, we considered the warehousing system as one of the most important logistics subsystems in a company. Conditions and the possibility of implementing barcode technology in order to optimize warehousing processes were evaluated. We formed a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) matrix consisting of a total of 27 elements. In order to determine the weights of all factors at the first level of decision making and its indicators at the second level of the decision making hierarchy, an original model was developed. This model involved the creation of a novel grey full-consistency method (FUCOM-G) and integration with a SWOT analysis. Since it was a matter of group decision making, we developed a novel grey Hamy aggregator that, by adequately treating uncertainties and ambiguities, contributed to making more precise decisions. The original grey FUCOM-SWOT model based on the grey Hamy aggregator represents a contribution to the entire field of decision making and optimization of logistics processes. Based on the applied model, the obtained results showed that Weaknesses, as part of the SWOT matrix, are currently the most dominant indicators, and that the implementation of barcode technology in a warehousing system is justified.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/sym14040794","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,12]],"date-time":"2022-04-12T22:48:45Z","timestamp":1649803725000},"page":"794","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Multicriteria Optimization of Logistics Processes Using a Grey FUCOM-SWOT Model"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4052-2965","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vladimir","family":"Popovi\u0107","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Applied Technical Sciences Ni\u0161, 18000 Ni\u0161, Serbia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8522-1942","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dragan","family":"Pamu\u010dar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Logistics, University of Defence in Belgrade, Military Academy, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"}]},{"given":"\u017deljko","family":"Stevi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Transport and Traffic Engineering, University of East Sarajevo, Vojvode Mi\u0161i\u0107a 52, 74000 Doboj, Bosnia and Herzegovina"}]},{"given":"Vesko","family":"Lukovac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Logistics, University of Defence in Belgrade, Military Academy, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4452-5768","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sr\u0111an","family":"Jovkovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Applied Technical Sciences Ni\u0161, 18000 Ni\u0161, Serbia"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stevi\u0107, \u017d., Stjepanovi\u0107, \u017d., Bo\u017ei\u010dkovi\u0107, Z., Das, D.K., and Stanujki\u0107, D. (2018). Assessment of Conditions for Implementing Information Technology in a Warehouse System: A Novel Fuzzy Piprecia Method. Symmetry, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/sym10110586"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"87","article-title":"Warehouse Logistics Management","volume":"12","author":"Pupavac","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bus. Logist. Mod. Manag."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.3846\/transport.2019.7275","article-title":"Evaluation Of Suppliers under Uncertainty: A Multiphase Approach Based on Fuzzy Ahp and Fuzzy Edas","volume":"34","author":"Tanackov","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transport"},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"Kosanke, L., and Schultz, M. (2015, January 20\u201323). Key Performance Indicators for Performance-Based Airport Management from the perspective of airport operations. Proceedings of the CATO, Delft, The Netherlands."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1007\/s10342-006-0162-2","article-title":"SWOT analyses and SWOT strategy formulation for forest owner cooperations in Austria","volume":"126","author":"Rauch","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur. J. For. Res."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1108\/13598540910995192","article-title":"Developing key performance indicators for supply chain: An industry perspective","volume":"14","author":"Chae","year":"2009","journal-title":"Supply Chain Manag. Int. J."},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"401","article-title":"A Novel Integrated Mcdm-Swot-Tows Model for The Strategic Decision Analysis In Transportation Company","volume":"19","author":"Turskis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Facta Univ. Ser. Mech. Eng."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/S1389-9341(99)00004-0","article-title":"Utilizing the analytic hierarchy process AHP in SWOT analysis\u2014A hybrid method and its application to a forest-certification case","volume":"1","author":"Kurttila","year":"2000","journal-title":"For. Policy Econ."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcm.2005.08.016","article-title":"Application of a quantification SWOT analytical method","volume":"43","author":"Chang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Math. Comput. Model."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/S1389-9341(02)00043-6","article-title":"The use of Analytic Hierarchy Process to incorporate stakeholder preferences into regional forest planning","volume":"5","author":"Ananda","year":"2003","journal-title":"For. Policy Econ."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moslem, S., Farooq, D., Ghorbanzadeh, O., and Blaschke, T. (2020). Application of the AHP-BWM Model for Evaluating Driver Behavior Factors Related to Road Safety: A Case Study for Budapest. Symmetry, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/sym12020243"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1186\/s12544-020-00455-1","article-title":"An integrated grey AHP-MOORA model for ameliorating public transport service quality","volume":"12","author":"Moslem","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. Transp. Res. Rev."},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"100560","article-title":"Application of grey analytic hierarchy process to estimate mode choice alternatives: A case study from Budapest","volume":"13","author":"Duleba","year":"2022","journal-title":"Transp. Res. Interdiscip. Perspect."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106920","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2020.106920","article-title":"Evaluating public transport service quality using picture fuzzy analytic hierarchy process and linear assignment model","volume":"100","author":"Duleba","year":"2021","journal-title":"Appl. Soft Comput."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2007.01.004","article-title":"Integrated analytic hierarchy process and its applications\u2013A literature review","volume":"186","author":"Ho","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur. J. Oper. Res."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forpol.2004.06.007","article-title":"Adapting modern strategic decision support tools in the participatory strategy process\u2014A case study of a forest research station","volume":"8","author":"Leskinen","year":"2006","journal-title":"For. Policy Econ."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1007\/s10109-009-0089-5","article-title":"Surveying general prospects and challenges of GIS implementation in developing countries: A SWOT\u2013AHP approach","volume":"11","author":"Taleai","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Geogr. Syst."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forpol.2004.08.001","article-title":"Assessing the suitability of community-based management for the Nyungwe Forest Reserve, Rwanda","volume":"8","author":"Masozera","year":"2006","journal-title":"For. Policy Econ."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1016\/S0926-5805(02)00009-2","article-title":"Strategic implementation of IT\/IS projects in construction: A case study","volume":"11","author":"Stewart","year":"2002","journal-title":"Autom. Constr."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agsy.2003.09.004","article-title":"Exploring the potential for silvopasture adoption in South-Central Florida: An application of SWOT\u2013AHP method","volume":"81","author":"Shresthaa","year":"2004","journal-title":"Agric. Syst."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.17559\/TV-20140205170207","article-title":"Development of an integrated transport system in distribution centres: A FA\u2019WOT analysis","volume":"22","year":"2015","journal-title":"Teh. Vjesn."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.4018\/IJDSST.2018040102","article-title":"Implementing Barcode Medication Administration Systems in Public Sector Medical Units","volume":"10","author":"Khan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Decis. Support Syst. Technol."},{"key":"ref_23","first-page":"1g","article-title":"An Analytic Hierarchy Process-based Method to Rank the Critical Success Factors of Implementing a Pharmacy Barcode System","volume":"12","author":"Alharthi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Perspect. Health Inf. Manag."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trpro.2016.11.037","article-title":"Urban Freight Terminals: A Sustainability Cross-case Analysis","volume":"16","author":"Nathnail","year":"2016","journal-title":"Transp. Res. Procedia"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stoilova, S., and Kunchev, L. (2017, January 24\u201326). Study of criteria for evaluation of transportation with intermodal transport. Proceedings of the 16th International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development, Jelgava, Latvia.","DOI":"10.22616\/ERDev2017.16.N070"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1108\/13683041011047876","article-title":"Evaluating and selecting key performance indicators: An ANP-based model","volume":"14","author":"Carlucci","year":"2010","journal-title":"Meas. Bus. Excel."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.5267\/j.msl.2012.01.024","article-title":"An Integrated MCDM Method in Ranking BSC Perspectives and key Performance Indicators (KPIs)","volume":"2","author":"Alvandi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Manag. Sci. Lett."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1108\/BEPAM-05-2012-0026","article-title":"Use of key performance indicators for PPP transport projects to meet stakeholders\u2019 performance objectives","volume":"3","author":"Mladenovic","year":"2013","journal-title":"Built Environ. Proj. Asset Manag."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssci.2014.11.018","article-title":"Measuring operational performance of OSH management system\u2013A demonstration of AHP-based selection of leading key performance indicators","volume":"73","year":"2015","journal-title":"Saf. Sci."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.2478\/eoik-2021-0021","article-title":"The Effect of Transport and Logistics on Trade Facilitation and Trade: A PLS-SEM Approach","volume":"9","year":"2021","journal-title":"Economics"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.31181\/rme200101034c","article-title":"Sustainable supplier selection using combined FUCOM\u2013Rough SAW model","volume":"1","author":"Chatterjee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rep. Mech. Eng."},{"key":"ref_32","unstructured":"Solakivi, T., Ojala, L., Laari, S., Lorentz, H., Toyli, J., Malmsten, J., and Viherlehto, N. (2015). Finland State of Logistics 2014, University of Turku."},{"key":"ref_33","unstructured":"Roy, J., Chatterjee, K., Bandhopadhyay, A., and Kar, S. (2016). Evaluation and selection of Medical Tourism sites: A rough AHP based MABAC approach. arXiv."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chattopadhyay, R., Das, P.P., and Chakraborty, S. (2022). Development of a Rough-MABAC-DoE-based Metamodel for Supplier Selection in an Iron and Steel Industry. Oper. Res. Eng. Sci. Theory Appl.","DOI":"10.31181\/oresta190222046c"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1080\/15568310902940209","article-title":"Evaluating Plan Alternatives for Transportation System Sustainability: Atlanta Metropolitan Region","volume":"4","author":"Jeon","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Sustain. Transp."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.3846\/16484142.2015.1086890","article-title":"Setting the Weights of Sustainability Criteria for the Appraisal of Transport Projects","volume":"30","author":"Cadena","year":"2015","journal-title":"Transport"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sremac, S., Stevi\u0107, \u017d., Pamu\u010dar, D., Arsi\u0107, M., and Mati\u0107, B. (2018). Evaluation of a Third-Party Logistics (3PL) Provider Using a Rough SWARA\u2013WASPAS Model Based on a New Rough Dombi Agregator. Symmetry, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/sym10080305"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.31181\/dmame180101b","article-title":"A Case Study of Supplier Selection for A Steelmaking Company in Libya by Using the Combinative Distance-Based Assessment (CODAS) Model","volume":"1","author":"Badi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Decis. Mak. Appl. Manag. Eng."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stevi\u0107, \u017d., Pamu\u010dar, D., Zavadskas, E.K., \u0106irovi\u0107, G., and Prentkovskis, O. (2017). The Selection of Wagons for the Internal Transport of a Logistics Company: A Novel Approach Based on Rough BWM and Rough SAW Methods. Symmetry, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/sym9110264"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Radovi\u0107, D., Stevi\u0107, \u017d., Pamu\u010dar, D., Zavadskas, E.K., Badi, I., Antuchevi\u010diene, J., and Turskis, Z. (2018). Measuring Performance in Transportation Companies in Developing Countries: A Novel Rough ARAS Model. Symmetry, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/sym10100434"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5045","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-018-03997-7","article-title":"New multi-criteria LNN WASPAS model for evaluating the work of advisors in the transport of hazardous goods","volume":"31","author":"Sremac","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neural Comput. Appl."},{"key":"ref_42","first-page":"6972818","article-title":"Planning the City Logistics Terminal Location by Applying the Greenp-Median Model and Type-2 Neurofuzzy Network","volume":"2016","author":"Vasin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Comput. Intell. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5137","DOI":"10.1080\/00207540903089536","article-title":"Supply chain performance measurement: A literature review","volume":"48","author":"Akyuz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Prod. Res."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpe.2009.08.026","article-title":"Explaining the competitive advantage of logistics service providers: A resource-based view approach","volume":"128","author":"Wong","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Prod. Econ."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1108\/13555850810864579","article-title":"An integrated model to identify and classify the key criteria and their role in the assessment of 3PL services providers","volume":"20","author":"Qureshi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Asia Pac. J. Mark. Logist."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1108\/13683041211230294","article-title":"Performance measurement of reverse logistics enterprise: A comprehensive and integrated approach","volume":"16","author":"Shaik","year":"2012","journal-title":"Meas. Bus. Excel."},{"key":"ref_47","unstructured":"Deng, J.L. (1985). Grey Control Systems, Press of Huazhong University of Science and Technology."},{"key":"ref_48","first-page":"1","article-title":"Introduction to grey system theory","volume":"1","author":"Deng","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Grey Syst."},{"key":"ref_49","first-page":"157","article-title":"On Perron-Frobenius theorem of grey nonnegative matrix","volume":"1","author":"Liu","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Grey Syst."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1142\/S021962201830001X","article-title":"Decision Making Methods Based on Fuzzy Aggregation Operators: Three Decades Review from 1986 to 2017","volume":"17","author":"Mardani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Inf. Technol. Decis. Mak."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1016\/S0019-9958(65)90241-X","article-title":"Fuzzy sets","volume":"8","author":"Zadeh","year":"1965","journal-title":"Inf. Control."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.31181\/oresta091221082a","article-title":"Regional development through energy infrastructure: A comparison and optimization of Iran-Pakistan-India (IPI) &  Turkmenistan-Afghanistan-Pakistan-India (TAPI) gas pipelines","volume":"4","author":"Ali","year":"2021","journal-title":"Oper. Res. Eng. Sci. Theory Appl."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.31181\/dmame210402140g","article-title":"Evaluation of tanker vehicle selection using a novel hybrid fuzzy MCDM technique","volume":"4","author":"Gorcun","year":"2021","journal-title":"Decis. Mak. Appl. Manag. Eng."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.31181\/dmame210402163s","article-title":"Forecasting Sugarcane Yield of India based on rough set combination approach","volume":"4","author":"Sharma","year":"2021","journal-title":"Decis. Mak. Appl. Manag. Eng."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sharma, H.K., Singh, A., Yadav, D., and Kar, S. (2022). Criteria selection and decision making of hotels using Dominance Based Rough Set Theory. Oper. Res. Eng. Sci. Theory Appl.","DOI":"10.31181\/oresta190222061s"},{"key":"ref_56","first-page":"387","article-title":"A refinement of various mean inequalities","volume":"2","author":"Hara","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Inequal. Appl."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pamu\u010dar, D., Stevi\u0107, \u017d., and Sremac, S. (2018). A New Model for Determining Weight Coefficients of Criteria in MCDM Models: Full Consistency Method (FUCOM). Symmetry, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/sym10090393"},{"key":"ref_58","first-page":"73","article-title":"Implications of Emotional Intelligence in Human Resource Management","volume":"9","author":"Gabor","year":"2021","journal-title":"Econ. Innov. Econ. Res."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.31181\/oresta20402021k","article-title":"Rank\u0131ng value-creat\u0131ng green approach pract\u0131ces \u0131n log\u0131st\u0131cs compan\u0131es operat\u0131ng \u0131n the TR A1 reg\u0131on and choos\u0131ng \u0131deal green market\u0131ng strategy","volume":"4","author":"Korucuk","year":"2021","journal-title":"Oper. Res. Eng. Sci. Theory Appl."},{"key":"ref_60","first-page":"11","article-title":"Does Railway Lines Investments Matter for Economic Growth?","volume":"9","author":"Fosu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Econ. Innov. Econ. Res."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.31181\/rme200101077m","article-title":"An agent-based Flexible Manufacturing System controller with Petri-net enabled algebraic deadlock avoidance","volume":"1","author":"Messinis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rep. Mech. Eng."}],"container-title":["Symmetry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-8994\/14\/4\/794\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T22:51:47Z","timestamp":1760136707000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-8994\/14\/4\/794"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,11]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]}},"alternative-id":["sym14040794"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/sym14040794","relation":{},"ISSN":["2073-8994"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2073-8994","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,11]]}}}