{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T00:21:39Z","timestamp":1776298899528,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,22]],"date-time":"2022-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650585600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Symmetry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>LHCb is one of the four main experiments running at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) of the European Organization for Nuclear Research. Since 2010, it has been collecting data to study the Physics of b and c quarks. For the past three years, the experimental apparatus underwent significant upgrades to be ready for a new round of data collection, expected to start in June 2022. The new apparatus is designed to be able to run at an instantaneous luminosity five times larger than the previous one, which was 2.0\u00d71032 cm\u22122s\u22121, and the whole detector readout will be at a 40 MHz rate. It is worth noticing that the luminosity at the LHCb interaction point, for the characteristics of the detector, needs to be reduced with respect to the luminosity provided by LHC. Major changes in the different subdetectors were required, along with complete modifications of the trigger schemes. The LHCb collaboration is developing and studying different methods for the on-line measurement of luminosity at the LHCb impact point, crucial for the monitoring of correct machine operation and for most experimental physics studies. The present work describes a procedure based on hit counting in the muon detector for an on-line luminosity monitor. The performance and the precision achieved with this method in tests carried out on past data collected are presented, together with proposals for future upgrades.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/sym14050860","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,24]],"date-time":"2022-04-24T00:45:21Z","timestamp":1650761121000},"page":"860","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A Method Based on Muon System to Monitor LHCb Luminosity"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Pietro","family":"Albicocco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7658-8777","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wander","family":"Baldini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Belin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Galego de F\u00edsica de Altas Enerx\u00edas (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7448-2837","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valerio","family":"Bocci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy"}]},{"given":"Nikolay","family":"Bondar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute NRC Kurchatov Institute, 188300 Gatchina, Russia"}]},{"given":"Davide","family":"Brundu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Cagliari, I-09042 Monserrato, Italy"}]},{"given":"Sandro","family":"Cadeddu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Cagliari, I-09042 Monserrato, Italy"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Cardini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Cagliari, I-09042 Monserrato, Italy"}]},{"given":"Maurizio","family":"Carletti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy"}]},{"given":"Giacomo","family":"Chiodi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy"}]},{"given":"Alexsei","family":"Chubykin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute NRC Kurchatov Institute, 188300 Gatchina, Russia"}]},{"given":"Vladimir","family":"Chulikov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute NRC Kurchatov Institute, 188300 Gatchina, Russia"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Ciambrone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy"}]},{"given":"Liliana","family":"Congedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Fisica e Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Universit\u00e0 di Bari, I-70125 Bari, Italy"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Contu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Cagliari, I-09042 Monserrato, Italy"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Debernardis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Fisica e Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Universit\u00e0 di Bari, I-70125 Bari, Italy"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Desideri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy"}]},{"given":"Marilisa","family":"De Serio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Fisica e Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Universit\u00e0 di Bari, I-70125 Bari, Italy"}]},{"given":"Patrizia","family":"De Simone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy"}]},{"given":"Daniele","family":"Di Bari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy"}]},{"given":"Maurizio","family":"Gatta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy"}]},{"given":"Dmitrii","family":"Ilin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute NRC Kurchatov Institute, 188300 Gatchina, Russia"}]},{"given":"Anatoly","family":"Kashchuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute NRC Kurchatov Institute, 188300 Gatchina, Russia"}]},{"given":"Sofia","family":"Kotriakhova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy"}]},{"given":"Adriano","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Cagliari, I-09042 Monserrato, Italy"}]},{"given":"Roman","family":"Litvinov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Cagliari, I-09042 Monserrato, Italy"}]},{"given":"Angelo","family":"Loi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Cagliari, I-09042 Monserrato, Italy"}]},{"given":"Oleg","family":"Maev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute NRC Kurchatov Institute, 188300 Gatchina, Russia"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Martellotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Palutan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Pastore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Fisica e Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Universit\u00e0 di Bari, I-70125 Bari, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7224-9708","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Davide","family":"Pinci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy"}]},{"given":"Biagio","family":"Saitta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Cagliari, I-09042 Monserrato, Italy"}]},{"given":"Roberta","family":"Santacesaria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Santimaria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy"}]},{"given":"Emanuele","family":"Santovetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Roma, Italy"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Saputi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4976-0460","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Celestina","family":"Satriano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Science, University of Basilicata, I-85100 Potenza, 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