{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T00:00:05Z","timestamp":1773792005403,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,23]],"date-time":"2022-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653264000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University","award":["PNURSP2022R163"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PNURSP2022R163"]}]},{"name":"Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University","award":["TURSP-2020\/196"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TURSP-2020\/196"]}]},{"name":"Taif University","award":["PNURSP2022R163"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PNURSP2022R163"]}]},{"name":"Taif University","award":["TURSP-2020\/196"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TURSP-2020\/196"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Symmetry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The existence of man is dependent on nature, and this existence can be disturbed by either man-made devastations or by natural disasters. As a universal phenomenon in nature, symmetry has attracted the attention of scholars. The study of symmetry provides insights into physics, chemistry, biology, and mathematics. One of the most important characteristics in the expressive assessment and development of computational design techniques is symmetry. Yet, mathematical models are an important method of studying real-world systems. The symmetry reflected by such a mathematical model reveals the inherent symmetry of real-world systems. This study focuses on the contagious model of pine wilt disease and symmetry, employing the q-HATM (q-Homotopy Analysis Transform Method) to the leading fractional operator Atangana\u2013Baleanu (AB) to arrive at better understanding. The outgrowths are exhibited in the forms of figures and tables. Finally, the paper helps to analyze the practical theory, assisting the prediction of its manner that corresponds to the guidelines when contemplating the replica.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/sym14051067","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,25]],"date-time":"2022-05-25T00:14:14Z","timestamp":1653437654000},"page":"1067","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Numerical Modeling and Symmetry Analysis of a Pine Wilt Disease Model Using the Mittag\u2013Leffler Kernel"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5986-5418","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"V.","family":"Padmavathi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics, Jairam Arts and Science College, Salem 636008, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0764-8390","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"N.","family":"Magesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Post-Graduate and Research Department of Mathematics Government Arts College for Men, Krishnagiri 635001, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Alagesan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics, Kandaswami Kandar\u2019s College, Velur 638182, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9041-3292","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M. Ijaz","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nonlinear Analysis and Applied Mathematics (NAAM)-Research Group, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Riphah International University I-14, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6724-6783","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samia","family":"Elattar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Industrial & Systems Engineering, College of Engineering, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5053-4324","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mamdooh","family":"Alwetaishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3541-9704","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed M.","family":"Galal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Wadi Addawaser 11991, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Production Engineering and Mechanical Design Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.py.21.090183.001221","article-title":"Pathology of the Pine Wilt Disease Caused by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus","volume":"21","author":"Mamiya","year":"1983","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. 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