{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T00:46:27Z","timestamp":1760229987771,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,3]],"date-time":"2022-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656806400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Major Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["51991394","cstc2019jcyj-msxmX0600","SKLBT-19-013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51991394","cstc2019jcyj-msxmX0600","SKLBT-19-013"]}]},{"name":"Chongqing Nature Science Foundation","award":["51991394","cstc2019jcyj-msxmX0600","SKLBT-19-013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51991394","cstc2019jcyj-msxmX0600","SKLBT-19-013"]}]},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Mountain Bridge and Tunnel Engineering Fund Project","award":["51991394","cstc2019jcyj-msxmX0600","SKLBT-19-013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51991394","cstc2019jcyj-msxmX0600","SKLBT-19-013"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Symmetry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In order to extract the valuable information from massive and usually unstructured datasets, increasingly, a novel nonparametric approach is proposed for detecting early signs of structural deterioration in civil infrastructure systems from vast field-monitoring datasets. The process adopted six-sample sliding window overtime at one-hour time increments to overcome the fact that the sampling times were not precisely consistent at all monitoring points. After data processing by this method, the eigenvalues and eigenvectors were obtained for each moving window, and then an evaluation index was constructed. Monitored tunnel data were analyzed using the proposed method. The required information extracted from an individual moving window is represented by a set of principal components, which become the new orthogonal variables. The resulting evaluation indicator was strongly correlated with measured and calculated values up to 0.89, even for tiny monitoring datasets. Experiments have verified the rationality and effectiveness of the algorithm, which provides a reference for the application of the method in the monitoring data processing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/sym14071370","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,4]],"date-time":"2022-07-04T23:38:55Z","timestamp":1656977935000},"page":"1370","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A Sliding Windows Singular Decomposition Model of Monitoring Data for Operational Tunnels"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1451-3002","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rongjun","family":"Xing","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pai","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Mountain Bridge and Tunnel Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhongming","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Traffic and Transportation, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3005-2023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuanwei","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China Merchants Chongqing Communications Technology Research and Design Institute Co., Ltd., Chongqing 400067, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/j.proeng.2017.05.066","article-title":"Monitoring of transport tunnel deformation at the construction stage","volume":"189","author":"Bryn","year":"2017","journal-title":"Procedia Eng."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autcon.2013.08.017","article-title":"Real-time safety early warning system for cross passage construction in Yangtze Riverbed Metro Tunnel based on the internet of things","volume":"36","author":"Ding","year":"2013","journal-title":"Autom. 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