{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T05:17:22Z","timestamp":1772342242982,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,18]],"date-time":"2022-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658102400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["51978265"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51978265"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20212BCD42011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20212BCD42011"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention\u2013Mitigation and Emergency Management Foundation","award":["51978265"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51978265"]}]},{"name":"Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention\u2013Mitigation and Emergency Management Foundation","award":["20212BCD42011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20212BCD42011"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Symmetry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>An analytical formulation involving residual force is proposed to predict the displacement of an existing structure by simplifying the tunnel as an infinite Euler\u2013Bernoulli beam resting on a two-parameter Pasternak foundation. The feasibility is confirmed by two actual measurements at sites in the published literature. Parametric studies\u2014including consideration of jacking force alone, jacking force and ground loss, and jacking force and equivalent bending stiffness\u2014are carried out to study the influence on the deformation of the existing tunnel. The results show that the residual jacking force can decrease the settlement of the existing tunnel, but the significance of its effect varies under different engineering conditions. With the increase in ground loss, the beneficial effect of jacking force in preventing further aggravation of tunnel settlement gradually becomes obvious, and the jacking force can reduce the deformation more effectively when the tunnel has lower bending stiffness. As a result, it is recommended that some effective measures should be adopted to maintain sufficient residual jacking force in the segments, so as to prolong the life of the tunnel.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/sym14071462","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,18]],"date-time":"2022-07-18T01:53:22Z","timestamp":1658109202000},"page":"1462","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Settlement of an Existing Tunnel Induced by Crossing Shield Tunneling Involving Residual Jacking Force"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4459-8839","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tianyu","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention-Mitigation and Emergency Management, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xuehui","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention-Mitigation and Emergency Management, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenjun","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention-Mitigation and Emergency Management, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jianwei","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention-Mitigation and Emergency Management, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China"},{"name":"Engineering Research & Development Centre for Underground Technology of Jiangxi Province, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104721","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engfailanal.2020.104721","article-title":"Large deformation mechanism and concrete-filled steel tubular support control technology of soft rock roadway\u2014A case study","volume":"116","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eng. 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