{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T00:58:36Z","timestamp":1760230716178,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,6]],"date-time":"2022-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659744000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Symmetry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Diluters play a crucial role for reducing the rotational viscosity of liquid crystal (LC) materials for improving the response property of LC displays (LCDs). However, conventional diluters tend to deteriorate relatively easily under ultraviolet (UV) exposure, due to existence of vinyl groups. Hence, it was difficult to prepare polymer layers in the LC cells by exposing UV for polymerization regarding polymer-sustained vertically-aligned (PS-VA) and polyimide-free (PI-free) technologies. In this study, however, we succeeded to develop a high stable diluter, which shows a symmetrical structure and carries fluorinated groups for stable nematic phase and high affinity with other fluorinated LC compounds. With the use of the symmetrical-structured diluter, we developed the PS-VA and the PI-free in-plane switching cells with a fast response rate and high voltage holding ratio, by combining a reactive monomer including an azobenzene moiety.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/sym14081620","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,10]],"date-time":"2022-08-10T09:47:06Z","timestamp":1660124826000},"page":"1620","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["New Diluter Solubilized in Liquid Crystal Compounds for High Stability and Fast Response Speed Liquid Crystal Displays"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4874-3500","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masanobu","family":"Mizusaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sharp Display Technology Corporation, Development Group, Tenri 632-8567, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazuo","family":"Okamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Organo Science Co., Ltd., Omaezaki 437-1617, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toshihiro","family":"Shibata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chiracol Co., Ltd., Saitama 331-0823, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1200","DOI":"10.1889\/1.1821335","article-title":"A new MVA-LCD by polymer sustained alignment technology","volume":"Volume 35","author":"Hanaoka","year":"2004","journal-title":"SID Symposium Digest of Technical Papers"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"051702","DOI":"10.1143\/JJAP.50.051702","article-title":"Relation between monomer structure and image sticking phenomenon of polymer-sustained-alignment liquid crystal displays","volume":"50","author":"Nakanishi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Jpn. J. Appl. Phys."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1889\/JSID17.7.551","article-title":"Emerging vertical-alignment liquid-crystal technology associated with surface modification using UV-curable monomer","volume":"17","author":"Lee","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Soc. Inf. Disp."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1002\/jsid.112","article-title":"Polyimide-free LCD by dissolving dendrimers","volume":"20","author":"Momoi","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Soc. Inf. Disp."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1080\/15421406.2015.1026737","article-title":"UV-induced stable planar alignment of nematic liquid crystals using a polypropyleneimine dendrimer having a mesogen consisting of cinnamate and azobenzene moieties","volume":"610","author":"Haba","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1002\/sdtp.12597","article-title":"The evolution of the vertically aligned liquid crystal display","volume":"Volume 49","author":"Plummer","year":"2018","journal-title":"SID Symposium Digest of Technical Papers"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1002\/sdtp.12598","article-title":"Self-alignment of liquid crystal for multi-domain liquid-crystal display","volume":"Volume 49","author":"Lan","year":"2018","journal-title":"SID Symposium Digest of Technical Papers"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1418","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2168-0159.2014.tb00374.x","article-title":"Novel approach to achieve conventional polyimide-less IPS\/FFS LCDs","volume":"Volume 45","author":"Jeong","year":"2014","journal-title":"SID Symposium Digest of Technical Papers"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1889\/1.2812999","article-title":"A study on reducing image-sticking artifacts in wide-screen TFT-LCD monitors","volume":"15","author":"Park","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. 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SID"},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"174","article-title":"Advanced liquid crystal mixture development for high performance liquid crystal displays","volume":"15","author":"Ichinose","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ekisho"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1080\/02678292.2018.1515375","article-title":"Polarised UV-induced homogeneous alignment for fringe-field switching liquid crystal display with a new azobenzene monomer","volume":"46","author":"Mizusaki","year":"2019","journal-title":"Liq. Cryst."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1002\/sdtp.12599","article-title":"Homogeneous self-alignment technology without forming conventional alignment layers","volume":"Volume 49","author":"Mizusaki","year":"2018","journal-title":"SID Symposium Digest of Technical Papers"}],"container-title":["Symmetry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-8994\/14\/8\/1620\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T00:05:13Z","timestamp":1760141113000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-8994\/14\/8\/1620"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,6]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]}},"alternative-id":["sym14081620"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/sym14081620","relation":{},"ISSN":["2073-8994"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2073-8994"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,6]]}}}