{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T05:25:41Z","timestamp":1768800341501,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,9]],"date-time":"2022-08-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660003200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["11801307"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11801307"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZR2017MA012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2017MA012"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZR2021MA009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2021MA009"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China","award":["11801307"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11801307"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China","award":["ZR2017MA012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2017MA012"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China","award":["ZR2021MA009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2021MA009"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Symmetry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In order to describe human uncertainty more precisely, Baoding Liu established uncertainty theory. Thus far, uncertainty theory has been successfully applied to uncertain finance, uncertain programming, uncertain control, etc. It is well known that the limit theorems represented by law of large numbers (LLN), central limit theorem (CLT), and law of the iterated logarithm (LIL) play a critical role in probability theory. For uncertain variables, basic and important research is also to obtain the relevant limit theorems. However, up to now, there has been no research on these limit theorems for uncertain variables. The main results to emerge from this paper are a strong law of large numbers (SLLN), a weak law of large numbers (WLLN), a CLT, and an LIL for Bernoulli uncertain sequence. For studying these theorems, we first propose an assumption, which can be regarded as a generalization of the duality axiom for uncertain measure in the case that the uncertainty space can be finitely partitioned. Additionally, several new notions such as weakly dependent, Bernoulli uncertain sequence, and continuity from below or continuity from above of uncertain measure are introduced. As far as we know, this is the first study of the LLN, the CLT, and the LIL for uncertain variables. All the theorems proved in this paper can be applied to uncertain variables with symmetric or asymmetric distributions. In particular, the limit of uncertain variables is symmetric in (c) of the third theorem, and the asymptotic distribution of uncertain variables in the fifth theorem is symmetrical.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/sym14081642","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,10]],"date-time":"2022-08-10T09:47:06Z","timestamp":1660124826000},"page":"1642","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Law of Large Numbers, Central Limit Theorem, and Law of the Iterated Logarithm for Bernoulli Uncertain Sequence"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Ziyi","family":"Qu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Statistics and Data Science, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhaojun","family":"Zong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Statistics and Data Science, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Statistics and Data Science, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bernoulli, J. 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