{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T23:21:50Z","timestamp":1786576910672,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,4]],"date-time":"2022-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1662249600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Symmetry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Aiming at the conversion process of thrust vectoring vertical\/short takeoff and landing (V\/STOL) aircraft with a symmetrical structure in the transition stage of takeoff and landing, there is a problem with the coupling and redundancy of the control quantities. To solve this problem, a corresponding inner loop stabilization controller and control distribution strategy are designed. In this paper, a dynamic system model and a dynamic model are established. Based on the outer loop adopting the conventional nonlinear dynamic inverse control, an L1 adaptive controller is designed based on the model as the inner loop stabilization control to compensate the mismatch and uncertainty in the system. The key feature of the L1 adaptive control architecture is ensuring robustness in the presence of fast adaptation, so as to achieve a unified performance boundary in transient and steady-state operations, thus eliminating the need for adaptive rate gain scheduling. The control performance and robustness of the controller are verified by inner loop simulation and the shooting Monte Carlo approach. The simulation results show that the controller can still track the reference input well and has good robustness when there is a large parameter perturbation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/sym14091837","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,8]],"date-time":"2022-09-08T09:51:09Z","timestamp":1662630669000},"page":"1837","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Design of Thrust Vectoring Vertical\/Short Takeoff and Landing Aircraft Stability Augmentation Controller Based on L1 Adaptive Control Law"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4091-2437","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zan","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Aerospace Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3906-2180","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zian","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology, Beijing 100076, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zheng","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Aerospace Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiong","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology, Beijing 100076, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology, Beijing 100076, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pengcheng","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Aerospace Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"137","article-title":"Multiobjective optimization design of aerodynamic configuration constrained by stealth performance","volume":"24","author":"Su","year":"2006","journal-title":"Acta Aerodyn. 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