{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T23:31:49Z","timestamp":1768347109047,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,18]],"date-time":"2022-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Islamic University of Madinah, Ministry of Education, KSA","award":["Research Group Program\/1\/804"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Research Group Program\/1\/804"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Symmetry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Thermal performance of magnetically driven Casson nanofluid over a nonlinear stretching sheet under the influence of entropy, activation energy and convective boundary conditions was analyzed numerically, employing the quasi-linearization method (QLM). The collective behavior of thermophoretic diffusion and Brownian motion along with special effects of viscous dissipation, thermal radiation, heat generation and joule heating are considered in the energy equation for the flow problem. The addition of nanoparticles helps to stabilize the flowing of a nanofluid and maintain the symmetry of the flowing structure. The governing highly nonlinear coupled differential equations of velocity, temperature, concentration and entropy are simulated through an iterative scheme encoded with MATLAB programming language. The geometric model is, therefore, described using a symmetry technique. A comparative analysis of linear and nonlinear stretching in sheets is presented via graphs and tables regarding pertinent dimensionless parameters. It is worth noting that the Nusselt number and Sherwood number decrease at relatively higher rates with growing values of activation energy in the case of nonlinear stretching. Moreover, the entropy generation rate near the stretching surface decreases due to the strong effects of Brownian motion and thermophoretic diffusion while it goes on improving far off the stretching surface.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/sym14091940","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,20]],"date-time":"2022-09-20T04:28:55Z","timestamp":1663648135000},"page":"1940","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Quasi-Linearization Analysis for Entropy Generation in MHD Mixed-Convection Flow of Casson Nanofluid over Nonlinear Stretching Sheet with Arrhenius Activation Energy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Kashif","family":"Ali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Muhammad Nawaz Sharif University of Engineering and Technology, Multan 60000, Pakistan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7040-6183","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aftab Ahmed","family":"Faridi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9829-9917","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sohail","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Advanced Studies in Pure and Applied Mathematics (CASPAM), Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9438-6132","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wasim","family":"Jamshed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics, Capital University of Science and Technology (CUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1847-4776","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Syed M.","family":"Hussain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Madinah, Madinah 42351, Saudi Arabia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3151-9967","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"El Sayed M.","family":"Tag-Eldin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo 11835, Egypt"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1039\/D1NR05630A","article-title":"Enhanced thermal conductivity of nanofluids by introducing Janus particles","volume":"14","author":"Cui","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Choi, S.U., and Eastman, J.A. (1995). Enhancing Thermal Conductivity of Fluids with Nanoparticles, Argonne National Lab.. No. ANL\/MSD\/CP-84938; CONF-951135-29."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"Choi, S.U. (2022, September 12). Nanofluid Technology: Current Status and Future Research; Illinois, University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library. Available online: https:\/\/digital.library.unt.edu."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101668","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asej.2021.101668","article-title":"Novel thermal aspects of hybrid nanofluid flow comprising of manganese zinc ferrite MnZnFe2O4, nickel zinc ferrite NiZnFe2O4 and motile microorganisms","volume":"13","author":"Ahmad","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ain Shams Eng. J."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106060","DOI":"10.1016\/j.icheatmasstransfer.2022.106060","article-title":"Quasi-linearization analysis for heat and mass transfer of magnetically driven 3rd-grade (Cu-TiO2\/engine oil) nanofluid via a convectively heated surface","volume":"135","author":"Ali","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transf."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ayub, R., Ahmad, S., Ahmad, S., Akhtar, Y., Alam, M.M., and Mahmoud, O. (2022). Numerical Assessment of Dipole Interaction with the Single-Phase Nanofluid Flow in an Enclosure: A Pseudo-Transient Approach. Materials, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/ma15082761"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105543","DOI":"10.1016\/j.icheatmasstransfer.2021.105543","article-title":"Nanofluid research and applications: A review","volume":"127","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transf."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Asim, M., and Siddiqui, F.R. (2022). Hybrid Nanofluids Next Generation Fluids for Spray Cooling Based Thermal Management of High Heat Flux Devices. Nanomaterials, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/nano12030507"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmecsci.2022.107297","article-title":"Interfacial characteristics and their impact on the indentation behavior of CuTa\/CuTa amorphous\/amorphous nanolaminates","volume":"223","author":"Doan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mech. Sci."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1615\/HeatTransRes.2020031594","article-title":"Heat transfer enhancement in an equilateral triangular duct by using an Al2O3\/water nanofluid: Effect of nanoparticle shape and volume fraction","volume":"51","author":"Ekiciler","year":"2020","journal-title":"Heat Transf. Res."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6537","DOI":"10.1007\/s10973-021-10999-6","article-title":"A review on stabilization of carbon nanotube nanofluid","volume":"147","author":"Yadav","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Therm. Anal. Calorim."},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"101","article-title":"Effects of SiO2\/Water Nanofluid Flow in a Square Cross-Sectioned Curved Duct","volume":"3","author":"Arslan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. J. Eng. Sci. Tech."},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"1539","article-title":"Nanofluid flow comprising gyrotactic microorganisms through a porous medium","volume":"13","author":"Ahmad","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Appl. Fluid Mech."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1615\/JPorMedia.2021036704","article-title":"MHD flow of Cu-Al2O3\/water hybrid nanofluid through a porous media","volume":"24","author":"Ahmad","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Porous Media"},{"key":"ref_15","unstructured":"Casson, N. (1959). A flow equation for pigment-oil suspensions of the printing ink type. Rheology of Disperse Systems, Pergamon Press."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20812","DOI":"10.1002\/er.7140","article-title":"Thermal analysis on Darcy-Forchheimer swirling Casson hybrid nanofluid flow inside parallel plates in parabolic trough solar collector: An application to solar aircraft","volume":"45","author":"Shahzad","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Energy Res."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csite.2021.101229","article-title":"Radiative MHD flow of Casson hybrid nanofluid over an infinite exponentially accelerated vertical porous surface","volume":"27","author":"Krishna","year":"2021","journal-title":"Case Stud. Therm. Eng."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583809","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/583809","article-title":"Mathematical analysis of Casson fluid model for blood rheology in stenosed narrow arteries","volume":"2013","author":"Venkatesan","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Appl. Math."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/s42787-022-00140-3","article-title":"Chemical entropy generation and second-order slip condition on hydrodynamic Casson nanofluid flow embedded in a porous medium: A fast convergent method","volume":"30","author":"Obalalu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Egypt. Math. Soc."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asej.2020.02.011","article-title":"Thermophyical properties and internal energy change in Casson fluid flow along with activation energy","volume":"11","author":"Salahuddin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ain Shams Eng. J."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e07361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e07361","article-title":"Mixed convection of Casson fluid in a differentially heated bottom wavy wall","volume":"7","author":"Hirpho","year":"2021","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"00033","DOI":"10.1051\/e3sconf\/202233600033","article-title":"Modeling and study of the arterial blood flow loaded with nanoparticles under squeezing action in presence of a magnetic field","volume":"Voulme 336","author":"Ennaouri","year":"2022","journal-title":"Proceedings of the E3S Web of Conferences"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.37934\/arfmts.82.2.2838","article-title":"The effects of magnetic Casson blood flow in an inclined multi-stenosed artery by using Caputo-Fabrizio fractional derivatives","volume":"82","author":"Jamil","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Adv. Res. Fluid Mech. Therm. Sci."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7460","DOI":"10.1016\/j.egyr.2021.10.083","article-title":"Computational analysis of thermal energy distribution of electromagnetic Casson nanofluid across stretched sheet: Shape factor effectiveness of solid-particles","volume":"7","author":"Hussain","year":"2021","journal-title":"Energy Rep."},{"key":"ref_25","first-page":"229","article-title":"Numerical treatment of MHD flow of Casson nanofluid via convectively heated non-linear extending surface with viscous dissipation and suction\/injection effects","volume":"66","author":"Alotaibi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Comput. Mater. Contin."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shafiq, A., Rasool, G., Alotaibi, H., Aljohani, H.M., Wakif, A., Khan, I., and Akram, S. (2021). Thermally enhanced Darcy-Forchheimer Casson-water\/glycerine rotating nanofluid flow with uniform magnetic field. Micromachines, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/mi12060605"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105221","DOI":"10.1088\/1402-4896\/ab18c8","article-title":"Magnetohydrodynamic Darcy\u2013Forchheimer nanofluid flow over a nonlinear stretching sheet","volume":"94","author":"Rasool","year":"2019","journal-title":"Phys. Scr."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aej.2016.03.003","article-title":"Unsteady Casson nanofluid flow over a stretching sheet with thermal radiation, convective and slip boundary conditions","volume":"55","author":"Oyelakin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Alex. Eng. J."},{"key":"ref_29","first-page":"100318","article-title":"On the mathematical model of Eyring\u2013Powell nanofluid flow with non-linear radiation, variable thermal conductivity and viscosity","volume":"5","author":"Matthew","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dyn. Partial. Differ. Equ."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vishalakshi, A.B., Mahabaleshwar, U.S., and Sarris, I.E. (2022). An MHD Fluid Flow over a Porous Stretching\/Shrinking Sheet with Slips and Mass Transpiration. Micromachines, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/mi13010116"},{"key":"ref_31","first-page":"100136","article-title":"Multiple slip, Soret and Dufour effects in fluid flow near a vertical stretching sheet in the presence of magnetic nanoparticles","volume":"13","author":"Seid","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Therm. Fluids"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1515\/ntrev-2022-0031","article-title":"MHD dissipative Casson nanofluid liquid film flow due to an unsteady stretching sheet with radiation influence and slip velocity phenomenon","volume":"11","author":"Alali","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nanotechnol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3743876","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/3743876","article-title":"Impact of Ramped Concentration and Temperature on MHD Casson Nanofluid Flow through a Vertical Channel","volume":"2021","author":"Sadiq","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Nanomater."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"025008","DOI":"10.1088\/2399-6528\/abe4e0","article-title":"MHD Darcy-Forchheimer flow of Casson nanofluid due to a rotating disk with thermal radiation and Arrhenius activation energy","volume":"5","author":"Jawad","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Phys. Commun."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1186\/s11671-019-3228-z","article-title":"PD-L1 monoclonal antibody-decorated nanoliposomes loaded with paclitaxel and P-gp transport inhibitor for the synergistic chemotherapy against multidrug resistant gastric cancers","volume":"15","author":"Yu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nanoscale Res. Lett."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4256","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-08211-2","article-title":"Numerical analysis of Casson nanofluid three-dimensional flow over a rotating frame exposed to a prescribed heat flux with viscous heating","volume":"12","author":"Owhaib","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aej.2022.01.043","article-title":"Radiation effect on MHD Casson fluid flow over an inclined non-linear surface with chemical reaction in a Forchheimer porous medium","volume":"61","author":"Bejawada","year":"2022","journal-title":"Alex. Eng. J."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bala Anki Reddy, P., Jakeer, S., Thameem Basha, H., Reddisekhar Reddy, S.R., and Mahesh Kumar, T. (2022). Multi-layer artificial neural network modeling of entropy generation on MHD stagnation point flow of Cross-nanofluid. Waves Random Complex Media, 2067375.","DOI":"10.1080\/17455030.2022.2067375"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107016","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijthermalsci.2021.107016","article-title":"Experimental and computational determination of heat transfer, entropy generation and pressure drop under turbulent flow in a tube with fly ash-Cu hybrid nanofluid","volume":"167","author":"Kanti","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Therm. Sci."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106972","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijthermalsci.2021.106972","article-title":"Entropy generation and friction factor analysis of fly ash nanofluids flowing in a horizontal tube: Experimental and numerical study","volume":"166","author":"Kanti","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Therm. Sci."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105238","DOI":"10.1016\/j.icheatmasstransfer.2021.105238","article-title":"Experimental investigation on thermo-hydraulic performance of water-based fly ash\u2013Cu hybrid nanofluid flow in a pipe at various inlet fluid temperatures","volume":"124","author":"Kanti","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transf."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2101","DOI":"10.1007\/s10973-020-10533-0","article-title":"Numerical study on the thermo-hydraulic performance analysis of fly ash nanofluid","volume":"147","author":"Kanti","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Therm. Anal. Calorim."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.camwa.2022.01.009","article-title":"Melting effect on Cattaneo\u2013Christov and thermal radiation features for aligned MHD nanofluid flow comprising microorganisms to leading edge: FEM approach","volume":"109","author":"Ali","year":"2022","journal-title":"Comput. Math. Appl."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105995","DOI":"10.1016\/j.icheatmasstransfer.2022.105995","article-title":"Linear and quadratic convection on 3D flow with transpiration and hybrid nanoparticles","volume":"134","author":"Kumar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transf."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rasool, G., Shafiq, A., Khan, I., Baleanu, D., Sooppy Nisar, K., and Shahzadi, G. (2020). Entropy Generation and Consequences of MHD in Darcy\u2013Forchheimer Nanofluid Flow Bounded by Non-Linearly Stretching Surface. Symmetry, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/sym12040652"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rasool, G., Shafiq, A., Alqarni, M.S., Wakif, A., Khan, I., and Bhutta, M.S. (2021). Numerical Scrutinization of Darcy-Forchheimer Relation in Convective Magnetohydrodynamic Nanofluid Flow Bounded by Nonlinear Stretching Surface in the Perspective of Heat and Mass Transfer. Micromachines, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/mi12040374"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rasool, G., Saeed, A.M., Lare, A.I., Abderrahmane, A., Guedri, K., and Vaidya, H. (2022). Darcy-Forchheimer Flow of Water Conveying Multi-Walled Carbon Nanoparticles through a Vertical Cleveland Z-Staggered Cavity Subject to Entropy Generation. Micromachines, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/mi13050744"},{"key":"ref_48","first-page":"1236","article-title":"Sensitivity analysis for Walters-B nanoliquid flow over a radiative Riga surface by RSM","volume":"29","author":"Shafiq","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Iran."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csite.2022.102233","article-title":"Numerical analysis of heat and mass transfer in micropolar nanofluids flow through lid driven cavity: Finite volume approach","volume":"37","author":"Batool","year":"2022","journal-title":"Case Stud. Thermal Eng."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rasool, G., Shafiq, A., Hussain, S., Zaydan, M., Wakif, A., Chamkha, A.J., and Bhutta, M.S. (2022). Significance of Rosseland\u2019s Radiative Process on Reactive Maxwell Nanofluid Flows over an Isothermally Heated Stretching Sheet in the Presence of Darcy-Forchheimer and Lorentz Forces: Towards a New Perspective on Buongiorno\u2019s Model. Micromachines, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/mi13030368"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6913","DOI":"10.1007\/s10973-021-10989-8","article-title":"Double-stratified Marangoni boundary layer flow of Casson nanoliquid: Probable error application","volume":"147","author":"Zari","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Thermal Anal. Calorim."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3926","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-83124-0","article-title":"Entropy generation and dissipative heat transfer analysis of mixed convective hydromagnetic flow of a Casson nanofluid with thermal radiation and Hall current","volume":"11","author":"Sahoo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_53","first-page":"125923","article-title":"Entropy generation in convective radiative flow of a Casson nanofluid in non-Darcy porous medium with Hall current and activation energy. The multiple regression model","volume":"402","author":"Sahoo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Appl. Math. Comput."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19165","DOI":"10.1002\/er.7016","article-title":"Simulation analysis of MHD hybrid CuAl2O3\/H2O nanofluid flow with heat generation through a porous media","volume":"45","author":"Ali","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Energy Res."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19592","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-99045-x","article-title":"Features of Cu and TiO2 in the flow of engine oil subject to thermal jump conditions","volume":"11","author":"Ahmad","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105708","DOI":"10.1016\/j.icheatmasstransfer.2021.105708","article-title":"Novel thermal aspects of hybrid nanoparticles Cu-TiO2 in the flow of ethylene glycol","volume":"129","author":"Ahmad","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transf."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nisar, K.S., Faridi, A.A., Ahmad, S., Khan, N., Ali, K., Jamshed, W., Abdel-Aty, A.-H., and Yahia, I.S. (2022). Cumulative Impact of Micropolar Fluid and Porosity on MHD Channel Flow: A Numerical Study. Coatings, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/coatings12010093"},{"key":"ref_58","first-page":"281","article-title":"Viscous flow over a nonlinearly stretching sheet","volume":"124","author":"Vajravelu","year":"2001","journal-title":"Appl. Math. Comput."},{"key":"ref_59","first-page":"1","article-title":"Entropy Analysis of TiO2-Cu\/EG Casson Hybrid Nanofluid via Cattaneo-Christov Heat Flux Model","volume":"8","author":"Jamshed","year":"2018","journal-title":"Appl. Nanosci."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104973","DOI":"10.1016\/j.icheatmasstransfer.2020.104973","article-title":"Numerical Investigation of MHD Impact on Maxwell Nanofluid","volume":"120","author":"Jamshed","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transf."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10696","DOI":"10.1002\/er.6554","article-title":"Computational single phase comparative study of Williamson nanofluid in parabolic trough solar collector via Keller box method","volume":"45","author":"Jamshed","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Energy Res."}],"container-title":["Symmetry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-8994\/14\/9\/1940\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T00:33:48Z","timestamp":1760142828000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-8994\/14\/9\/1940"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,18]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]}},"alternative-id":["sym14091940"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/sym14091940","relation":{},"ISSN":["2073-8994"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2073-8994","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,18]]}}}