{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T20:09:03Z","timestamp":1776197343618,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,5]],"date-time":"2023-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672876800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003443","name":"the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FEWM-2020-0042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FEWM-2020-0042"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003443","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Siberian State Medical University and Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radio electronics development program Priority 2030","award":["FEWM-2020-0042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FEWM-2020-0042"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Symmetry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This research focused on studying regularities in changes in strength characteristics and histological patterns of healthy tubular bone tissue depending on the temperature setting of hyperthermal treatment. Experimentation has established that heating the experimental bone sample in a temperature range of 60 to 70 \u00b0C does not cause any decline in strength characteristics compared to the control samples not subject to heat treatment. In compression tests (along the length of the bone), after heating the bone samples ex vivo to 80 \u00b0C, the strength characteristics were found to increase as the samples sustained a higher maximum stress. In bending tests, in contrast, the strength characteristics were reliably found to decrease in bone samples at 80 \u00b0C and 90 \u00b0C for the maximum stress indicator and 90 \u00b0C for the modulus of elasticity. Data obtained through histological examination further demonstrated statistically significant differences between the two temperature ranges of 60\u201370 \u00b0C and 80\u201390 \u00b0C, where semi-quantitative assessment revealed statistically significant differences in the markers of bone tissue destruction caused by hyperthermal treatment. Moderate (at 60\u201370 \u00b0C) and pronounced (at 80\u201390 \u00b0C) dystrophic and necrotic changes were observed both in the cells and the intercellular matrix of the tibia. From a practical point of view, the temperature range of 60\u201370 \u00b0C can be considered operational for thermal ablation since, at these temperatures, no statistically significant decline was observed for the strength characteristics in either the cross-section or length-section.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/sym15010156","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,5]],"date-time":"2023-01-05T04:51:31Z","timestamp":1672894291000},"page":"156","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Mechanical and Histological Characteristics of Human Tubular Bones after Hyperthermal Treatment"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Denis","family":"Pakhmurin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Acquisition, Analysis and Control of Biological Signals, Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, 40 Lenina Str., 634050 Tomsk, Russia"},{"name":"Department of Medical and Biological Cybernetics, Siberian State Medical University, 2 Moskovsky Trakt, 634050 Tomsk, Russia"}]},{"given":"Viktoriya","family":"Pakhmurina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Acquisition, Analysis and Control of Biological Signals, Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, 40 Lenina Str., 634050 Tomsk, Russia"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Kashin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ISPMS SB RAS), 2\/4 Akademicheskiy Str., 634055 Tomsk, Russia"}]},{"given":"Alexey","family":"Kulkov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ISPMS SB RAS), 2\/4 Akademicheskiy Str., 634055 Tomsk, Russia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3465-8452","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Igor","family":"Khlusov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Morphology and General Pathology, Siberian State Medical University, 2 Moskovsky Trakt, 634050 Tomsk, Russia"},{"name":"Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 30 Lenin Str., 634050 Tomsk, Russia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8000-2716","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evgeny","family":"Kostyuchenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Acquisition, Analysis and Control of Biological Signals, Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, 40 Lenina Str., 634050 Tomsk, Russia"}]},{"given":"Ilya","family":"Anisenya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 5 Kooperativny Str., 634009 Tomsk, Russia"}]},{"given":"Pavel","family":"Sitnikov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 5 Kooperativny Str., 634009 Tomsk, Russia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7317-2036","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ekaterina","family":"Porokhova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Morphology and General Pathology, Siberian State Medical University, 2 Moskovsky Trakt, 634050 Tomsk, Russia"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"iv79","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdy310","article-title":"Bone sarcomas: ESMO\u2013PaedCan\u2013EURACAN clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up","volume":"29","author":"Casali","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1053\/j.oto.2013.11.002","article-title":"The use of endoprostheses in musculoskeletal oncology","volume":"24","author":"Gaston","year":"2014","journal-title":"Oper. Tech. Orthop."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1007\/s10527-021-10047-5","article-title":"Optimization of technologies for manufacture of demineralized bone implants for drug release","volume":"54","author":"Litvinov","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1134\/S1063785019090281","article-title":"Strain Localization during Diametral Compression of ZrO2(Y2O3) Ceramics","volume":"45","author":"Sevostyanova","year":"2019","journal-title":"Tech. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zagho, M.M., Hussein, E.A., and Elzatahry, A.A. (2018). Recent Overviews in Functional Polymer Composites for Biomedical Applications. Polymers, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/polym10070739"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"020302","DOI":"10.1063\/1.5132169","article-title":"Investigation of the Strain Inhomogeneity of ZrO2-(Y2O3) during Brazilian Test","volume":"2167","author":"Sablina","year":"2019","journal-title":"AIP Conf. Proc."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1097\/01.blo.0000205876.05093.80","article-title":"Autoclaved Tumor Bone for Reconstruction","volume":"447","author":"Khattak","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"698461","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/698461","article-title":"Autoclaved tumor done for skeletal reconstruction in paediatric patients: A lowcost alternative in developing countries","volume":"2013","author":"Umer","year":"2013","journal-title":"BioMed Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1186\/s12957-015-0694-3","article-title":"Reconstruction of segmental bone defect of long bones after tumor resection by devitalized tumor-bearing bone","volume":"13","author":"Qu","year":"2015","journal-title":"World J. Surg. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-200402000-00042","article-title":"Pasteurized Autologous Bone Graft in Surgery for Bone and Soft Tissue Sarcoma","volume":"419","author":"Manabe","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1728","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999.0000000000000100","article-title":"Are Pasteurized Autografts Durable for Reconstructions After Bone Tumor Resections?","volume":"476","author":"Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-925X-9-48","article-title":"Which is the best method of sterilization of tumour bone for reimplantation? A biomechanical and histopathological study","volume":"9","author":"Singh","year":"2010","journal-title":"BioMedical Eng. OnLine"},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"477","article-title":"Experimental studies of thermal disinfection and sterilization of allogeneic bone transplants and their effects on biological viability","volume":"95","author":"Knaepler","year":"1992","journal-title":"Unfallchirurg"},{"key":"ref_14","unstructured":"Pakhmurin, D.O., Fedorov, A.A., Kobzev, A.V., Semenov, V.D., Anisenya, I.I., Bogoutdinova, A.V., Sitnikov, P.K., Kazhmaganbetova, M., Matyushkov, S., and Khan, K.I. (2018). Method for Intraoperative Hyperthermic Action on Bone Tissue. (2695305), RU Patent."},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"1182","article-title":"A Method of Controlled Local Hyperthermia","volume":"30","author":"Pakhmurin","year":"2014","journal-title":"World Appl. Sci. J."},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"1940","article-title":"A Temperature Stabilization Device for Local Hyperthermia in Cancer Treatment","volume":"20","author":"Pakhmurin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Middle-East J. Sci. Res."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pakhmurin, D.O., Semenov, V.D., Kobzev, A.V., Litvinov, A.V., Uchaev, V.N., and Khutornoy, A.Y. (July, January 29). Analysis of a temperature distribution in a heating area when using a complex for local hyperthermia. Proceedings of the 2015 16th International Conference of Young Specialists on Micro\/Nanotechnologies and Electron Devices, Erlagol, Russia.","DOI":"10.1109\/EDM.2015.7184612"},{"key":"ref_18","unstructured":"Kobzev, A.V., Pakhmurin, D.O., Semenov, V.D., and Semenova, G.D. (2016). Complex for High-Temperature Effects on Biological Tissue (Options). (2636877), RU Patent."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pakhmurin, D., Pakhmurina, V., Kashin, A., Kulkov, A., Khlusov, I., Kostyuchenko, E., Sidorov, I., and Anisenya, I. (2022). Compressive Strength Characteristics of Long Tubular Bones after Hyperthermal Ablation. Symmetry, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/sym14020303"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1882","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2013.04.026","article-title":"Shape and function of the diaphysis of the human tibia","volume":"26","author":"Cristofolini","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Biomech."},{"key":"ref_21","unstructured":"Suvarna, S.K., Layton, C.H., and Bancroft, J.D. (2019). Bancroft\u2019s Theory and Practice of Histological Techniques, Elsevier Limited. [8th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_22","unstructured":"(2016). Biological Evaluation of Medical Devices; Part 6: Tests for Local Effects after Implantation (Standard No. ISO 10993-6:2016)."},{"key":"ref_23","first-page":"177","article-title":"Comparative investigations of structure and properties of micro-arc wollastonite-calcium phosphate coatings on titanium and zirconium-niobium alloy","volume":"2","author":"Sedelnikova","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bioact. Mater."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1007\/s12034-009-0010-3","article-title":"Influence of fibre-surface treatment on structural, thermal and mechanical properties of jute fibre and its composite","volume":"32","author":"Sinha","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bull. Mater. Sci."},{"key":"ref_25","unstructured":"Ratner, B.D. (2004). Biomaterials Science: An Introduction to Materials in Medicine, Elsevier Academic Press. [2nd ed.]."},{"key":"ref_26","first-page":"114","article-title":"Mechanical basis of bone strength: Influence of bone material, bone structure and muscle action","volume":"17","author":"Hart","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Musculoskelet. Neuronal Interact."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2007.08.003","article-title":"Dependence of mechanical compressive strength on local variations in microarchitecture in cancellous bone of proximal human femur","volume":"41","author":"Perilli","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Biomech."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1214\/aoms\/1177730491","article-title":"On a test of whether one of two random variables is stochastically larger than the other","volume":"18","author":"Mann","year":"1947","journal-title":"Ann. Math. Stat."},{"key":"ref_29","first-page":"1693","article-title":"The deer femur\u2014A morphological and biomechanical animal model of the human femur","volume":"24","author":"Kieser","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biomed. Mater. Eng."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1111\/1556-4029.14599","article-title":"Validity of the use of porcine bone in forensic cut mark studies","volume":"66","author":"Bonney","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Forensic Sci."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1064","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197961070-00015","article-title":"Malignant hyperthermia. A potentially fatal syndrome in orthopaedic patients","volume":"61","author":"Jardon","year":"1979","journal-title":"J. Bone Jt. Surg. Am."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm1589","article-title":"Intrinsically unstructured proteins and their functions","volume":"6","author":"Dyson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-3233(08)60401-5","article-title":"Protein denaturation","volume":"23","author":"Tanford","year":"1968","journal-title":"Adv. Protein Chem."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.3109\/17453678609000888","article-title":"Physical properties of autoclaved bone. Torsion test of rabbit diaphyseal bone","volume":"57","author":"Kreicbergs","year":"1986","journal-title":"Acta Orthop. Scand."},{"key":"ref_35","unstructured":"(2021, January 16). Irkutsk Supercomputer Center SB RAS. Available online: http:\/\/hpc.icc.ru\/en\/."}],"container-title":["Symmetry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-8994\/15\/1\/156\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T17:59:43Z","timestamp":1760119183000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-8994\/15\/1\/156"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,5]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]}},"alternative-id":["sym15010156"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/sym15010156","relation":{},"ISSN":["2073-8994"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2073-8994","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,5]]}}}