{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:00:26Z","timestamp":1760148026837,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,25]],"date-time":"2023-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679702400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021M700651","3132022216","3132022217"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021M700651","3132022216","3132022217"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","award":["2021M700651","3132022216","3132022217"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021M700651","3132022216","3132022217"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Symmetry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Developing earth-abundant electrocatalysts useful for hydrogen evolution reactions (HER) is critical for electrocatalytic water splitting driven by renewable energy. Molybdenum carbide (Mo2C) with the crystal structure of hexagonal symmetry has been identified to be an excellent HER catalyst due to its platinum-like electronic structure while the synthesis of Mo2C is generally time consuming and energy intensive. Herein, we demonstrated the ultrafast synthesis of a Mo2C-based electrocatalyst with Joule heating at 1473 K for only 6 s. Benefitting from several advantages including efficient catalytic kinetics, enhanced charge transport kinetics and high intrinsic activity, the as-prepared catalyst exhibited drastically enhanced HER performance compared with commercial Mo2C. It showed an overpotential of 288 mV for achieving a current density of \u221250 mA cm\u22122 and good stability, which highlighted the feasibility of the Joule heating method towards preparing efficient electrocatalysts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/sym15040801","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,27]],"date-time":"2023-03-27T04:31:21Z","timestamp":1679891481000},"page":"801","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Ultrafast Synthesis of Mo2C-Based Catalyst by Joule Heating towards Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Reaction"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Hefeng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Marine Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, Linghai Road 1, Dalian 116026, China"}]},{"given":"Shengliang","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marine Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, Linghai Road 1, Dalian 116026, China"}]},{"given":"Kaixin","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marine Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, Linghai Road 1, Dalian 116026, China"}]},{"given":"Haidong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marine Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, Linghai Road 1, Dalian 116026, China"}]},{"given":"Guanghui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marine Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, Linghai Road 1, Dalian 116026, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4092-3710","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Weiguang","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marine Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, Linghai Road 1, Dalian 116026, China"}]},{"given":"Xu","family":"Zong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marine Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, Linghai Road 1, Dalian 116026, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-07792-9","article-title":"Morphology and surface chemistry engineering toward pH-universal catalysts for hydrogen evolution at high current density","volume":"10","author":"Luo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. 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