{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:32:11Z","timestamp":1760149931444,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,25]],"date-time":"2023-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695600000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Symmetry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Recent works have shown that collective single-photon spontaneous emission from an ensemble of N resonant two-level atoms is a rich field of study. Superradiance describes the emission from a completely symmetric state of N atoms, with a single excited atom prepared with a given phase, for instance, imprinted by an external laser. Instead, subradiance is associated with the emission from the remaining N\u22121 asymmetric states, with a collective decay rate less than the single-atom value. Here, we discuss the properties of the orthonormal basis of symmetric and asymmetric states and the entanglement properties of superradiant and subradiant states. On the one hand, by separating the symmetric superradiant state from the subradiant ones, we are able to determine the subradiant fraction induced in the system by the laser. On the other hand, we show that, as the external laser is switched off and the atomic excitation decays, entanglement in the atomic ensemble appears when the superradiant fraction falls below the threshold 1\/N.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/sym15101817","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,25]],"date-time":"2023-09-25T03:56:49Z","timestamp":1695614209000},"page":"1817","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Single-Photon Superradiance and Subradiance as Collective Emission from Symmetric and Anti-Symmetric States"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2403-0776","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicola","family":"Piovella","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Fisica \u201cAldo Pontremoli\u201d, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 16, 20133 Milano, Italy"},{"name":"INFN Sezione di Milano, Via Celoria 16, 20133 Milano, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9251-0731","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefano","family":"Olivares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Fisica \u201cAldo Pontremoli\u201d, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 16, 20133 Milano, Italy"},{"name":"INFN Sezione di Milano, Via Celoria 16, 20133 Milano, Italy"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.2.883","article-title":"Radiation from an N-Atom System. 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