{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:33:35Z","timestamp":1760150015230,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,7]],"date-time":"2023-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696636800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Science Foundations of China","award":["62274093","61991431","BK20211538","2018YFA0209100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62274093","61991431","BK20211538","2018YFA0209100"]}]},{"name":"Excellent Youth Foundation of Jiangsu Scientific Committee","award":["62274093","61991431","BK20211538","2018YFA0209100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62274093","61991431","BK20211538","2018YFA0209100"]}]},{"name":"National Basic Research Program of China","award":["62274093","61991431","BK20211538","2018YFA0209100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62274093","61991431","BK20211538","2018YFA0209100"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Symmetry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Symmetry-deficient two-dimensional (2D) layered materials induce a highly anisotropic optical response due to the anisotropy in their crystal structure, facilitating their application in polarized nanodevices. Intercalation is a new way to tune the optoelectronic properties of materials by inserting guest atoms into layered host materials, and 2D layered structures stacked with van der Waals gaps are a prerequisite for this phase of the technique. In this paper, 2D tellurium nanosheets were synthesized with a hydrothermal method, and copper atoms were inserted with a wet chemical method. The widening of the crystal plane spacing proves the introduction of copper atoms, and polarization\u2212related second-harmonic-generation (SHG) studies reveal the intrinsic anisotropic modes of the two samples, and birefringent properties are found with polarizing light microscopy. We further investigated the electrical properties of the samples, and the embedding of the copper atoms caused the samples to exhibit higher currents, but their devices lost the gate control effect.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/sym15101885","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,7]],"date-time":"2023-10-07T14:17:26Z","timestamp":1696688246000},"page":"1885","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Birefringence after Tellurium Nanosheets and Copper Intercalation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Hongliang","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuxuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kaili","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiawei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2574-3479","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shancheng","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1038\/s41557-020-0462-z","article-title":"Ultrafast control of anisotropy","volume":"12","author":"Collet","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. 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