{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T23:10:18Z","timestamp":1775776218551,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,11]],"date-time":"2023-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696982400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002628","name":"Incheon National University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20230059"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20230059"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002628","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Symmetry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Complex vibrational phenomena, such as gear impacts and mesh stiffness excitations, often require a significant amount of effort to be revealed using nonlinear analytical methods. However, key parameters for addressing vibrational problems can often be identified through simplified approaches based on linear analysis models. In light of these considerations, this study aimed to propose linear analytical methods to investigate the influences of various key parameters within symmetric systems. To achieve the main goal of this study, system modeling and eigensolutions were first implemented, focusing on a specific manual transmission with a front-engine\/front-wheel configuration. Second, analytical techniques to reduce the number of degrees of freedom from the original symmetric system were suggested, and the reduced model was validated. Third, the system responses in the time domain were examined, along with key system parameters, such as gear mesh stiffness and clutch dampers, using state\u2013variable equations. As a result, the findings from the linear system model demonstrated the fundamental dynamic characteristics of the torsional system within specific frequency regimes relevant to noise and vibration problems. Furthermore, the reduced lumped linear model employing the state\u2013variable formula established its reliability in determining key parameters for mitigating noise and vibration problems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/sym15101904","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,12]],"date-time":"2023-10-12T03:07:47Z","timestamp":1697080067000},"page":"1904","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["System Modeling and Simulation for Investigating Dynamic Characteristics of Geared Symmetric System Based on Linear Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Joo-Mi","family":"Bahk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Incheon National University, (Songdo-dong) 119 Academy-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sun-Hak","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Incheon National University, (Songdo-dong) 119 Academy-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jong-Yun","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Incheon National University, (Songdo-dong) 119 Academy-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1177\/0954407013493267","article-title":"Effect of the multi-staged clutch damper characteristics on the transmission gear rattle under two engine conditions","volume":"227","author":"Yoon","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc. 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