{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T22:31:34Z","timestamp":1786573894546,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,14]],"date-time":"2023-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1699920000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","award":["RSPD2023R868"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RSPD2023R868"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Symmetry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This article describes the development of a compact microstrip bandpass filter (BPF) for multiple wireless communication utilizations. The proposed bandpass filter consists of metamaterial unit cells that are symmetrical in shape. The design process involves the placement of four symmetrical split-ring resonators (SRRs) on the top plane of the BPF. It exhibits improved filter characteristics through the implementation of these SRRs. The filter was modeled and fabricated and its performance was evaluated using a Vector Network Analyzer. The designed bandpass filter shows a 5 GHz bandwidth covering the frequency band spanning from 1 to 5.2 GHz, with a quality factor value of 1.85 across 1.9 GHz, 3.3 across 3.3 GHz and 5.1 across 5.1 GHz. The metamaterial analysis was carried out using ANSYS ELECTRONIC DESKTOP. The proposed filter measures 20 \u00d7 18 \u00d7 1.6 mm3, which is significantly smaller than current filters. The designed bandpass filter occupies 50% of the space of a conventional filter. The designed bandpass filter exhibits a distributed surface current of 84 A\/m, and 94 A\/m across the wide- and narrow-band operating frequency. The simulated and measured results indicate that the suggested metamaterial filter is well-suited for multiband wireless applications like GPS (1.57 GHz), WLAN (2.4, 3.6, and 5.2 GHz), Wi-MAX (2.3, 2.5, and 3.5 GHz), and ISM (2.5 GHz).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/sym15112058","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,14]],"date-time":"2023-11-14T09:12:39Z","timestamp":1699953159000},"page":"2058","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Development of Compact Bandpass Filter Using Symmetrical Metamaterial Structures for GPS, ISM, Wi-MAX, and WLAN Applications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Kottapadikal Vinodan","family":"Vineetha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Antennas and Liquid Crystals Research Center, Department of ECE, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram 522303, Andhra Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6893-6978","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Boddapati Taraka Phani","family":"Madhav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Antennas and Liquid Crystals Research Center, Department of ECE, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram 522303, Andhra Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Munuswamy Siva","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Antennas and Liquid Crystals Research Center, Department of ECE, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram 522303, Andhra Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4555-7438","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sudipta","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, IMPS College of Engineering and Technology, Malda 732103, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-0292-6900","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tanvir","family":"Islam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0647-5459","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Moath","family":"Alathbah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cui, T.J., Smith, D.R., and Ruopeng, L. 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