{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T17:23:01Z","timestamp":1775928181928,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,4]],"date-time":"2024-01-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704326400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006245","name":"National Science and Technology Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST 111-2410-H-167-005-MY2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 111-2410-H-167-005-MY2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006245","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Symmetry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Data hiding encompasses a wide range of applications related to hiding messages in digital images. The visual redundancy of images makes it possible to embed data in the images without attracting attention. Increasing the hiding capacity and decreasing the hiding distortion are prime objectives that data hiding intends to achieve. In this paper, we propose a high-payload data hiding scheme based on absolute moment block truncation coding (AMBTC) to minimize the impact of hiding. A two-level minimum mean square error (MMSE) quantizer generated by AMBTC is used to decrease the distortion associated with hiding. Also, we present a lookup table based on the symmetric property for adaptively hiding secrets in pixels to achieve high hiding capacity. We can embed almost 1.9 bits per pixel (bpp) with a high image quality of an average of 31 dB. Only 5.3% of pixels are changed during the data-hiding process. Compared with other schemes, we can use 1 bpp more relative payload for embedding with the same stego image quality. The experimental results show that the proposed scheme has better hiding performance because it allows a huge amount of secret data to be hidden while maintaining the high visual quality of the stego image.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/sym16010064","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,4]],"date-time":"2024-01-04T05:23:30Z","timestamp":1704345810000},"page":"64","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A High-Payload Data Hiding Scheme Based on Absolute Moment Block Truncation Coding for Minimizing Hiding Impact"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4480-7351","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chia-Chen","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chin-Yi University of Technology, Taichung 411, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bohan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Information Management, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei-Liang","family":"Tai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bachelor Degree Program of Artificial Intelligence, National Taichung University of Science and Technology, Taichung 404, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pei-Feng","family":"Shiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jinn-Ke","family":"Jan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2003.810588","article-title":"Data hiding in image and video. 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