{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T19:16:16Z","timestamp":1774898176374,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,4]],"date-time":"2024-01-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704326400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Hunan Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of China","award":["2021JJ10059"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021JJ10059"]}]},{"name":"Hunan Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of China","award":["202107ZCJG05"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202107ZCJG05"]}]},{"name":"Hunan Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of China","award":["202206370135"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202206370135"]}]},{"name":"the First Batch of 2021 MOE of PRC Industry\u2013University Collaborative Education Program","award":["2021JJ10059"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021JJ10059"]}]},{"name":"the First Batch of 2021 MOE of PRC Industry\u2013University Collaborative Education Program","award":["202107ZCJG05"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202107ZCJG05"]}]},{"name":"the First Batch of 2021 MOE of PRC Industry\u2013University Collaborative Education Program","award":["202206370135"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202206370135"]}]},{"name":"the China Scholarship Council","award":["2021JJ10059"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021JJ10059"]}]},{"name":"the China Scholarship Council","award":["202107ZCJG05"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202107ZCJG05"]}]},{"name":"the China Scholarship Council","award":["202206370135"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202206370135"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Symmetry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The fiber-filled polymer composite is one of the best materials which provides a symmetrical superior strength and stiffness to structures. With the strengthening of people\u2019s environmental protection and resource reuse consciousness, the development of renewable materials, especially natural fiber-filled polymer composites, is receiving great attention. This study investigated the mechanical properties of polymer composites incorporating waste materials from the food processing industry and agricultural sources. Waste vegetal fiber-filled polymer biocomposites (WVFFPBs) with varying fiber types and 3D printing orientations were systematically fabricated. Subsequently, the tensile tests were executed to comprehensively assess the anisotropic mechanical behaviors of the WVFFPBs. The results demonstrated that WVFFPBs performed excellent anisotropic mechanical properties compared to pristine matrix samples as print orientation changed. As the printing angle increased from 0\u00b0 to 90\u00b0, the tensile mechanical properties of the WVFFPBs displayed a decreasing trend. Moreover, the print orientation\u2013anisotropic mechanical behavior relationship of 3D-printed WVFFPBs was revealed through the analysis of the material manufacturing characteristics and damage features.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/sym16010070","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,4]],"date-time":"2024-01-04T09:47:32Z","timestamp":1704361652000},"page":"70","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Exploring Anisotropic Mechanical Characteristics in 3D-Printed Polymer Biocomposites Filled with Waste Vegetal Fibers"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Honggang","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Traffic & Transportation Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China"},{"name":"China Automotive Engineering Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chongqing 401122, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhi","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China Automotive Engineering Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chongqing 401122, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China Automotive Engineering Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chongqing 401122, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1964-2471","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ping","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Traffic & Transportation Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China"},{"name":"Laboratory of Engineering, Computer Science and Imagery (ICUBE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4756-9267","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Traffic & Transportation Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0101-0342","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yong","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Traffic & Transportation Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2016.11.034","article-title":"3D printing of polymer matrix composites: A review and prospective","volume":"110","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Compos. 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