{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T03:09:45Z","timestamp":1781665785783,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,7]],"date-time":"2024-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715040000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Symmetry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The q-rung orthopair fuzzy sets (q-ROFSs), a novel concept for processing vague information, offer a more potent and all-encompassing method compared to traditional fuzzy sets, intuitionistic fuzzy sets, and Pythagorean fuzzy sets. The inclusion of the parameter q allows for the q-rung orthopair fuzzy sets to capture a broader range of uncertainty of information. In this paper, we present two novel distance measures for q-ROFSs inspired by the Jensen\u2013Shannon divergence, called DJS_2D and DJS_3D, and we analyze some properties they satisfy, such as non-degeneracy, symmetry, boundedness, and triangular inequality. Then, the normalized distance measures, called DJS_2D\u02dc and DJS_3D\u02dc, are proposed and we verify their rationality through numerical experiments. Finally, we apply the proposed distance measures to practical scenarios, including pattern recognition and multicriteria decision-making, and the results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed distance measures.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/sym16050574","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,7]],"date-time":"2024-05-07T09:03:38Z","timestamp":1715072618000},"page":"574","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Novel Distance Measures of q-Rung Orthopair Fuzzy Sets and Their Applications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Donglai","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Cyberspace Security, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yige","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Cyberspace Security, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8580-9655","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhe","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor 11800, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-3694-6473","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sijia","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cw Chu College, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhifang","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Artificial Intelligence, Shandong University of Engineering and Vocational Technology, Jinan 250200, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"101904","article-title":"Representing uncertainty and imprecision in machine learning: A survey on belief functions","volume":"36","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. 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