{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T22:57:16Z","timestamp":1777676236541,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,19]],"date-time":"2024-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729296000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Second Century Fund (C2F), Chulalongkorn University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Symmetry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Stakeholders in multimodal freight transport encounter significant challenges due to the multitude of unknowns and inherent risks that can adversely affect operations. The subjective nature of the information complicates the identification and assessment of these risks, making them particularly challenging in the context of multimodal transport, where the potential consequences can be substantial. This research intends to provide a comprehensive understanding of the asymmetries in risks associated with multimodal freight transport by identifying and evaluating quantitative hazards. By integrating fuzzy set theory and failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA), the study offers a structured approach to statistically forecast risks, addressing imprecision in traditional risk assessments. Qualitative interviews conducted with multimodal freight transport operators in Thailand reveal critical insights, including the identification of high-priority risks such as delays from regulatory compliance, inadequate infrastructure, and inefficiencies in stakeholder communication. The findings of this study not only highlight these pressing issues but also provide actionable strategies to mitigate risks, thereby enhancing the operational resilience of multimodal freight transport systems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/sym16101394","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,21]],"date-time":"2024-10-21T03:57:09Z","timestamp":1729483029000},"page":"1394","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Advanced Analytical Methods for Risk Mitigation in Multimodal Freight Transport"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9411-7477","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kwanjira","family":"Kaewfak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental and Sustainable Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8348-8758","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chanathip","family":"Pharino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental and Sustainable Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1002-7720","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nipa","family":"Ouppara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Business, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2013.06.055","article-title":"Multimodal freight transportation planning: A literature review","volume":"233","author":"SteadieSeifi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. 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