{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T00:40:53Z","timestamp":1783384853256,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,18]],"date-time":"2024-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731888000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023YFC3304904"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFC3304904"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Symmetry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In the era of big data, breaking down data silos to enable efficient data transactions has become essential, with the fairness and transparency of pricing mechanisms being paramount. This study addresses these challenges by introducing a novel tripartite pricing model for customized data products that integrates the Stackelberg and bargaining game frameworks. By designing distinct utility functions for buyers, sellers, and the platform, the model effectively aligns the varying objectives of each participant. A dynamic adjustment mechanism further enhances this model by adaptively recalibrating the guidance price and pricing range based on real-time updates to buyer budgets and seller offers, thus ensuring fairness and responsiveness throughout the negotiation process. Experimental simulations comprising 100 transaction rounds across diverse buyer\u2013seller profiles validate the model\u2019s effectiveness, achieving a transaction success rate of 92.70% with an average of 6.86 bargaining rounds. These findings underscore the model\u2019s capacity to optimize transaction outcomes, promote pricing equity, and enhance bargaining efficiency. The proposed model has broad applications in sectors such as finance, healthcare, and e-commerce, where precise data pricing mechanisms are essential to maximize transactional value.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/sym16111540","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,18]],"date-time":"2024-11-18T05:36:45Z","timestamp":1731908205000},"page":"1540","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A Three-Party Dynamic Pricing Mechanism for Customized Data Products Based on the Stackelberg Game and Bargaining Model"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Yanfeng","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minchao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiayi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5137-3953","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aiping","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"1396","article-title":"Research Review on Data Pricing and Trading","volume":"34","author":"Jiang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. 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