{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T00:43:27Z","timestamp":1759970607386,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,23]],"date-time":"2025-01-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737590400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Symmetry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper aims to adapt and apply genetic distance metrics in biomedical signal processing to improve the classification and monitoring of neurological disorders, specifically Alzheimer\u2019s disease and frontotemporal dementia. The primary objectives are: (1) to quantify the variability in EEG signal patterns among the distinct subtypes of neurodegenerative disorders and healthy individuals, and (2) to explore the potential of a novel genetic similarity metric in establishing correlations between brain signal dynamics and clinical progression. Using a dataset of resting-state EEG recordings (eyes closed) from 88 subjects (36 with Alzheimer\u2019s disease, 23 with frontotemporal dementia, and 29 healthy individuals), a comparative analysis of brain activity patterns was conducted. Symmetry plays a critical role in the proposed genetic similarity metric, as it captures the balanced relationships between intra- and inter-group EEG signal patterns. Our findings demonstrate that this approach significantly improves disease subtype identification and highlights the potential of the genetic similarity metric to optimize the predictive models. Furthermore, this methodology supports the development of personalized therapeutic interventions tailored to individual patient profiles, making a novel contribution to the field of neurological signal analysis and advancing the application of EEG in personalized medicine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/sym17020172","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,23]],"date-time":"2025-01-23T12:24:09Z","timestamp":1737635049000},"page":"172","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Symmetry in Genetic Distance Metrics: Quantifying Variability in Neurological Disorders for Personalized Treatment of Alzheimer\u2019s and Dementia"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4928-5716","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge A.","family":"Ruiz-Vanoye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Direcci\u00f3n de Investigaci\u00f3n, Innovaci\u00f3n y Posgrado, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Pachuca, Carretera Pachuca\u2014Cd. Sahag\u00fan km 20, Ex-Hacienda de Santa B\u00e1rbara, Zempoala 43830, HGO, Mexico"}]},{"given":"Ocotl\u00e1n","family":"D\u00edaz-Parra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Direcci\u00f3n de Investigaci\u00f3n, Innovaci\u00f3n y Posgrado, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Pachuca, Carretera Pachuca\u2014Cd. Sahag\u00fan km 20, Ex-Hacienda de Santa B\u00e1rbara, Zempoala 43830, HGO, Mexico"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2969-9084","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco Antonio","family":"M\u00e1rquez-Vera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Direcci\u00f3n de Investigaci\u00f3n, Innovaci\u00f3n y Posgrado, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Pachuca, Carretera Pachuca\u2014Cd. Sahag\u00fan km 20, Ex-Hacienda de Santa B\u00e1rbara, Zempoala 43830, HGO, Mexico"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3170-4671","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ricardo A.","family":"Barrera-C\u00e1mara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias de la Informaci\u00f3n, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Carmen, Calle 56 No. 4, esquina con Avenida Concordia, Colonia Benito Ju\u00e1rez, Ciudad del Carmen 24180, CAM, Mexico"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4303-3852","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alejandro","family":"Fuentes-Penna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"El Colegio de Morelos, Av. Morelos Sur 154, esquina con Amates, Colonia Las Palmas, Cuernavaca 62050, MOR, Mexico"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7823-709X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eric","family":"Simancas-Acevedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Direcci\u00f3n de Investigaci\u00f3n, Innovaci\u00f3n y Posgrado, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Pachuca, Carretera Pachuca\u2014Cd. Sahag\u00fan km 20, Ex-Hacienda de Santa B\u00e1rbara, Zempoala 43830, HGO, Mexico"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2585-9896","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel A.","family":"Ruiz-Jaimes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ingenier\u00eda en Inform\u00e1tica e Ingenier\u00eda en Electr\u00f3nica y Telecomunicaciones, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica del Estado de Morelos, Boulevard Cuauhn\u00e1huac #566, Colonia Lomas del Texcal, Jiutepec 62550, MOR, Mexico"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-8554-4192","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan M.","family":"Xicot\u00e9ncatl-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Direcci\u00f3n de Investigaci\u00f3n, Innovaci\u00f3n y Posgrado, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Pachuca, Carretera Pachuca\u2014Cd. 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