{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T04:37:29Z","timestamp":1783571849835,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,10]],"date-time":"2025-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744243200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Guangzhou Municipal Construction Group Co., Ltd. Science and Technology Plan Project 2024 National Science and Technology Innovation Platform Research Cultivation Fund","award":["[2024]-KJ044"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["[2024]-KJ044"]}]},{"name":"Guangzhou Municipal Construction Group Co., Ltd. Science and Technology Plan Project 2024 National Science and Technology Innovation Platform Research Cultivation Fund","award":["2023YFC3805100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFC3805100"]}]},{"name":"Guangzhou Municipal Construction Group Co., Ltd. Science and Technology Plan Project 2024 National Science and Technology Innovation Platform Research Cultivation Fund","award":["2023YFC3805101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFC3805101"]}]},{"name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["[2024]-KJ044"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["[2024]-KJ044"]}]},{"name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["2023YFC3805100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFC3805100"]}]},{"name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["2023YFC3805101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFC3805101"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Symmetry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Seismic risk assessment is pivotal for ensuring the reliability of prefabricated subway stations, where selecting optimal intensity measures (IMs) critically enhances probabilistic seismic demand models and fragility analysis. While peak ground acceleration (PGA) is widely adopted for above-ground structures, its suitability for underground systems remains debated due to distinct dynamic behaviors. This study identifies the most appropriate IMs for soft soil-embedded prefabricated subway stations at varying depths through nonlinear finite element modeling and develops corresponding fragility curves. A soil\u2013structure interaction model was developed to systematically compare seismic responses of shallow-buried, medium-buried, and deep-buried stations under diverse intensities. Incremental dynamic analysis was employed to construct probabilistic demand models, while candidate IMs (PGA, PGV, and vrms) were evaluated using a multi-criteria framework assessing correlation, efficiency, practicality, and proficiency. The results demonstrate that burial depth significantly influences IM selection: PGA performs optimally for shallow depths, peak ground velocity (PGV) excels for medium depths, and root mean square velocity (vrms) proves most effective for deep-buried stations. Based on these optimized IMs, seismic fragility curves were generated, quantifying damage probability characteristics across burial conditions. The study provides a transferable IM selection methodology, advancing seismic risk assessment accuracy for prefabricated underground infrastructure. Through a systematic investigation of the correlation between IM applicability and burial depth, coupled with the development of fragility relationships, this study establishes a robust technical framework for enhancing the seismic performance of subway stations, and provides valuable insights for seismic risk assessment methodologies in underground infrastructure systems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/sym17040580","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,10]],"date-time":"2025-04-10T10:47:41Z","timestamp":1744282061000},"page":"580","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Selection of Optimal Intensity Measures and Seismic Fragility Analysis of Prefabricated Rectangular Subway Stations"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Miaojun","family":"Qin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangzhou Municipal Engineering Group Ltd., Guangzhou 510060, China"},{"name":"School of Civil Engineering and Transportation, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangzhou Municipal Engineering Group Ltd., Guangzhou 510060, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangzhou Municipal Engineering Group Ltd., Guangzhou 510060, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan-Gang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Urban Security and Disaster Engineering of Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaobin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Urban Security and Disaster Engineering of Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109391","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jobe.2024.109391","article-title":"Prefabricated Concrete Sandwich and Other Lightweight Wall Panels for Sustainable Building Construction: State-of-the-Art Review","volume":"89","author":"Sah","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. 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