{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T13:50:43Z","timestamp":1765547443823,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,9]],"date-time":"2025-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752019200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Chengdu University New Faculty Start-up Funding","award":["2081923062","2025ZNSFSC1315"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2081923062","2025ZNSFSC1315"]}]},{"name":"Sichuan Science and Technology Program","award":["2081923062","2025ZNSFSC1315"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2081923062","2025ZNSFSC1315"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Symmetry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Enhancing the seismic resilience of urban water distribution networks (WDNs) requires the improvement of both earthquake resistance and rapid recovery capabilities within the system. This paper proposes a multi-objective method to enhance the seismic resilience of the WDNs, focusing on system restoration capabilities while comprehensively considering the hydraulic recovery index, maintenance time, and maintenance cost. The method utilizes a random simulation approach to generate various damage scenarios for the WDN, considering pipe leakage, pipe bursts, and variations in node flow resulting from changes in water pressure. It characterizes the functions of the WDN through hydraulic service satisfaction and quantifies system resilience using a performance response function. Additionally, it determines the optimal dispatch strategy for emergency repair teams and the optimal emergency repair sequence for earthquake-damaged networks using a genetic algorithm. Furthermore, a comprehensive computational platform has been developed to systematically analyze and optimize seismic resilience strategies for WDNs. The feasibility of the proposed method is demonstrated through an example involving the WDN in Xi\u2019an City. The results indicate that the single-objective seismic resilience improvement method based on the hydraulic recovery index is the most effective for enhancing the seismic resilience of the WDN. In contrast, the multi-objective method proposed in this article reduces repair time by 17.9% and repair costs by 3.4%, while only resulting in a 0.2% decrease in the seismic resilience of the WDN. This method demonstrates the most favorable comprehensive restoration effect, and the success of our method in achieving a symmetrically balanced restoration outcome demonstrates its value. The proposed methodology and software can provide both theoretical frameworks and technical support for urban WDN administrators.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/sym17071105","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,10]],"date-time":"2025-07-10T07:38:27Z","timestamp":1752133107000},"page":"1105","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A Multi-Objective Method for Enhancing the Seismic Resilience of Urban Water Distribution Networks"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8429-5608","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li","family":"Long","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China"}]},{"given":"Ziang","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China"}]},{"given":"Huaping","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0390-3104","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yong","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northwest Research Institute of Engineering Investigation and Design, Xi\u2019an 710003, China"}]},{"given":"Feiyu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2017.06.022","article-title":"A software framework for assessing the resilience of drinking water systems to disasters with an example earthquake case study","volume":"95","author":"Klise","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. 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