{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T23:38:43Z","timestamp":1780357123343,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":157,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,7]],"date-time":"2025-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754524800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["2023YFC3305404"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFC3305404"]}]},{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["JJKH20251102KJ"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JJKH20251102KJ"]}]},{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["20250102045JC"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20250102045JC"]}]},{"name":"Education Department of Jilin Province","award":["2023YFC3305404"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFC3305404"]}]},{"name":"Education Department of Jilin Province","award":["JJKH20251102KJ"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JJKH20251102KJ"]}]},{"name":"Education Department of Jilin Province","award":["20250102045JC"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20250102045JC"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Department of Jilin Province","award":["2023YFC3305404"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFC3305404"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Department of Jilin Province","award":["JJKH20251102KJ"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JJKH20251102KJ"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Department of Jilin Province","award":["20250102045JC"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20250102045JC"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Symmetry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In the digital era, secure data sharing has become a core requirement for enabling cross-domain collaboration, cloud computing, and Internet of Things (IoT) applications, as well as a critical measure for safeguarding privacy and defending against malicious attacks. In light of the risks of data leakage and misuse in open environments, achieving efficient, controllable, and privacy-preserving data sharing has emerged as a key research focus. This paper first provides a systematic review of the prevailing secure data sharing technologies, including proxy re-encryption, searchable encryption, key agreement and distribution, and attribute-based encryption, summarizing their design principles and application features. Subsequently, game-theoretic modeling based on incentive theory is introduced to construct a strategic interaction framework between data owners and data users, aiming to analyze and optimize benefit allocation mechanisms. Furthermore, the paper explores the integration of game theory with secure sharing mechanisms to enhance the sustainability and stability of the data sharing ecosystem. Finally, it outlines the critical challenges currently faced in secure data sharing and discusses future research directions, offering theoretical insights and technical references for building a more comprehensive data sharing framework.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/sym17081259","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,7]],"date-time":"2025-08-07T08:33:06Z","timestamp":1754555586000},"page":"1259","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["A Survey of Data Security Sharing"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9526-4030","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dexin","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Cyberspace Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100811, China"},{"name":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Changchun University, Changchun 130022, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiqiang","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Changchun University, Changchun 130022, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanbo","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Changchun University, Changchun 130022, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huanjie","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Changchun University, Changchun 130022, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Changchun University, Changchun 130022, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zilong","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Changchun University, Changchun 130022, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Cyberspace Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100811, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kemmerer, R.A. (2003, January 3\u201310). Cybersecurity. Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Software Engineering, 2003, Proceedings, Portland, OR, USA.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSE.2003.1201257"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.17645\/pag.v6i2.1385","article-title":"Cybersecurity research meets science and technology studies","volume":"6","year":"2018","journal-title":"Politics Gov."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.22215\/timreview\/835","article-title":"Defining Cybersecurity","volume":"4","author":"Craigen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Technol. Innov. Manag. Rev."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1186\/s40537-020-00318-5","article-title":"Cybersecurity data science: An overview from machine learning perspective","volume":"7","author":"Sarker","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Big Data"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Choucri, N., Madnick, S., and Koepke, P. (2018). Institutions for Cybersecurity: International Responses and Data Sharing Initiatives, Cybersecurity Interdisciplinary Systems Laboratory (CISL), Sloan School of Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Room E62-422. Available online: https:\/\/cams.mit.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017-06.pdf.","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/11636.003.0003"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Linger, R., Goldrich, L., Bishop, M., and Dark, M. (2017). Agile Research for Cybersecurity: Creating Authoritative, Actionable Knowledge When Speed Matters, IEEE.","DOI":"10.24251\/HICSS.2017.723"},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"155","article-title":"An integrative review and analysis of cybersecurity research: Current state and future directions","volume":"35","author":"Walton","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Inf. Syst."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1365\/s43439-022-00062-x","article-title":"Could incorporating cybersecurity reporting into SOX have prevented most data breaches at US publicly traded companies? An exploratory study","volume":"3","author":"Sebastian","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. Cybersecur. Law Rev."},{"key":"ref_9","unstructured":"Camp, J., Cranor, L., Feamster, N., Feigenbaum, J., Forrest, S., Kotz, D., Lee, W., Lincoln, P., Paxson, V., and Reiter, M. (2025, July 10). Data for Cybersecurity Research: Process and \u2018Wish List\u2019; 2009. Available online: https:\/\/digitalcommons.dartmouth.edu\/cgi\/viewcontent.cgi?article=1003&context=faculty_other."},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"299","article-title":"Design and governance of mHealth data sharing","volume":"45","author":"Vesselkov","year":"2019","journal-title":"Commun. Assoc. Inf. Syst."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.5465\/amr.2021.0111","article-title":"Data network effects: Key conditions, shared data, and the data value duality","volume":"47","author":"Gregory","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acad. Manag. Rev."},{"key":"ref_12","unstructured":"Gelhaar, J., G\u00fcrpinar, T., Henke, M., and Otto, B. (2021, January 12\u201314). Towards a taxonomy of incentive mechanisms for data sharing in data ecosystems. Proceedings of the PACIS, Dubai, United Arab Emirates."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fassnacht, M., Benz, C., Heinz, D., Leimstoll, J., and Satzger, G. (2023, January 3\u20136). Barriers to data sharing among private sector organizations. Proceedings of the 56th Hawaii International Conference on Systems Sciences, Maui, HI, USA.","DOI":"10.24251\/HICSS.2023.453"},{"key":"ref_14","unstructured":"Bahrke, J., and Manoury, C. (2025, July 10). Data Act: Commission Proposes Measures for a Fair and Inno-Vative Data Economy, 2022. Available online: https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/commission\/presscorner\/detail\/en\/ip_22_1113."},{"key":"ref_15","unstructured":"Pauer, A., Nagel, L., Fedkenhauser, T., Fritzsche-Sterr, Y., and Resetko, A. (2025, July 10). Data Exchange as a First Step Towards Data Economy. Available online: https:\/\/www.pwc.de\/en\/digitale-transformation\/data-exchange-as-a-first-step-towards-data-economy.pdf."},{"key":"ref_16","unstructured":"Mildebrath, H. (2025, July 10). Data Governance Act: Briefing-EU Legislation in Progress. Available online: https:\/\/www.europarl.europa.eu\/RegData\/etudes\/BRIE\/2021\/690674\/EPRS_BRI(2021)690674_EN.pdf."},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"287","article-title":"Efficient Blockchain-Empowered Data Sharing Incentive Scheme for Internet of Things","volume":"11","author":"Cai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Softw. Inform."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2853","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2022.3144301","article-title":"A tensor-based truthful incentive mechanism for blockchain-enabled space-air-ground integrated vehicular crowdsensing","volume":"23","author":"Zhao","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Intell. Transp. Syst."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1745","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSM.2022.3185237","article-title":"Blockchain-assisted comprehensive key management in CP-ABE for cloud-stored data","volume":"20","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Netw. Serv. Manag."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, J., Fan, Y., Bian, X., and Yuan, Q. (2023). Online\/offline MA-CP-ABE with cryptographic reverse firewalls for IoT. Entropy, 25.","DOI":"10.3390\/e25040616"},{"key":"ref_21","first-page":"819","article-title":"Efficient traceable authorization search system for secure cloud storage","volume":"8","author":"Yang","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Cloud Comput."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnca.2018.12.005","article-title":"Securing content-centric networks with content-based encryption","volume":"128","author":"Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Netw. Comput. Appl."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jung, T., Mao, X., Li, X.Y., Tang, S.J., Gong, W., and Zhang, L. (2013, January 14\u201319). Privacy-preserving data aggregation without secure channel: Multivariate polynomial evaluation. Proceedings of the 2013 IEEE INFOCOM, Turin, Italy.","DOI":"10.1109\/INFCOM.2013.6567071"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11732","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2961169","article-title":"Efficient verifiable key-aggregate keyword searchable encryption for data sharing in outsourcing storage","volume":"8","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, C., and Tang, J. (2023, January 17\u201319). Searchable proxy re-encryption data sharing scheme based on consortium chain. Proceedings of the 2023 3rd International Conference on Computer Science and Blockchain (CCSB), Shenzhen, China.","DOI":"10.1109\/CCSB60789.2023.10398861"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e4734","DOI":"10.1002\/ett.4734","article-title":"Key-aggregate searchable encryption with multi-user authorization and keyword untraceability for distributed IoT healthcare systems","volume":"34","author":"Trivedi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Trans. Emerg. Telecommun. Technol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1136","DOI":"10.1109\/TCC.2016.2545668","article-title":"Secure data sharing in cloud computing using revocable-storage identity-based encryption","volume":"6","author":"Wei","year":"2016","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Cloud Comput."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1502","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2019.2956322","article-title":"Blockchain-based anti-key-leakage key aggregation searchable encryption for IoT","volume":"7","author":"Niu","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Things J."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7195","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2959044","article-title":"Electronic health record sharing scheme with searchable attribute-based encryption on blockchain","volume":"8","author":"Niu","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref_30","first-page":"103009","article-title":"KAPRE: Key-aggregate proxy re-encryption for secure and flexible data sharing in cloud storage","volume":"63","author":"Pareek","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Inf. Secur. Appl."},{"key":"ref_31","unstructured":"Howard, M., and LeBlanc, D. (2025, July 10). Writing Secure Code; Pearson Education, 2003. Available online: https:\/\/ptgmedia.pearsoncmg.com\/images\/9780735617223\/samplepages\/9780735617223.pdf."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s00766-010-0115-7","article-title":"A privacy threat analysis framework: Supporting the elicitation and fulfillment of privacy requirements","volume":"16","author":"Deng","year":"2011","journal-title":"Requir. Eng."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2374","DOI":"10.1109\/TC.2015.2389959","article-title":"Key-aggregate searchable encryption (KASE) for group data sharing via cloud storage","volume":"65","author":"Cui","year":"2015","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Comput."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4468","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSE.2022.3204991","article-title":"A secure data sharing based on key aggregate searchable encryption in fog-enabled IoT environment","volume":"9","author":"Oh","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Netw. Sci. Eng."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17482","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2024.3357802","article-title":"Blockchain-Enabled Key Aggregate Searchable Encryption Scheme for Personal Health Record Sharing with Multidelegation","volume":"11","author":"Lee","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Things J."},{"key":"ref_36","unstructured":"Song, D.X., Wagner, D., and Perrig, A. (2000, January 14\u201317). Practical techniques for searches on encrypted data. Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy, S&P 2000, Berkeley, CA, USA."},{"key":"ref_37","unstructured":"Curtmola, R., Garay, J., Kamara, S., and Ostrovsky, R. (November, January 30). Searchable symmetric encryption: Improved definitions and efficient constructions. Proceedings of the 13th ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security, Alexandria, VA, USA."},{"key":"ref_38","unstructured":"Stefanov, E., Papamanthou, C., and Shi, E. (2025, July 10). Practical Dynamic Searchable Encryption with Small Leakage. Cryptology ePrint Archive 2013. Available online: https:\/\/eprint.iacr.org\/2013\/832."},{"key":"ref_39","unstructured":"Popa, R.A., and Zeldovich, N. (2025, July 10). Multi-key searchable encryption. Cryptology ePrint Archive 2013. Available online: https:\/\/eprint.iacr.org\/2013\/508."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Patel, S., Persiano, G., and Yeo, K. (2018, January 3\u20137). Symmetric searchable encryption with sharing and unsharing. Proceedings of the 23rd European Symposium on Research in Computer Security, Barcelona, Spain.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-98989-1_11"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1943","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2014.2359389","article-title":"Nothing is for free: Security in searching shared and encrypted data","volume":"9","author":"Tang","year":"2014","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Inf. Forensics Secur."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7139","DOI":"10.1109\/TII.2022.3145851","article-title":"An efficient blockchain-based hierarchical data sharing for healthcare internet of things","volume":"18","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Ind. Inform."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compeleceng.2018.10.015","article-title":"Blockchain-based searchable symmetric encryption scheme","volume":"73","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Comput. Electr. Eng."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2023.119336","article-title":"Key-aggregate searchable encryption supporting conjunctive queries for flexible data sharing in the cloud","volume":"645","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Inf. Sci."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5186","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2023.3305183","article-title":"Dynamic consensus committee-based for secure data sharing with authorized multi-receiver searchable encryption","volume":"18","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Inf. Forensics Secur."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136704","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2943153","article-title":"Cloud-assisted EHR sharing with security and privacy preservation via consortium blockchain","volume":"7","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref_47","first-page":"535","article-title":"Blockchain data sharing scheme based on searchable agent re-encryption","volume":"23","author":"Feng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Netw. Secur."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2802","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2025.3537613","article-title":"Pattern Hiding and Authorized Searchable Encryption for Data Sharing in Cloud Storage","volume":"37","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2019.04.003","article-title":"Privacy-preserving data search with fine-grained dynamic search right management in fog-assisted Internet of Things","volume":"491","author":"Zhou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Inf. Sci."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2856","DOI":"10.1109\/TCC.2022.3228867","article-title":"Dse-rb: A privacy-preserving dynamic searchable encryption framework on redactable blockchain","volume":"11","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Cloud Comput."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"978","DOI":"10.1109\/TSC.2017.2762296","article-title":"Searchable encryption for healthcare clouds: A survey","volume":"11","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Serv. Comput."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Niu, S., Liu, W., Han, S., and Fang, L. (2021). A data-sharing scheme that supports multi-keyword search for electronic medical records. PLoS ONE, 16.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0244979"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8949","DOI":"10.1007\/s00500-022-07292-5","article-title":"Specified keywords search scheme for EHR sharing","volume":"26","author":"Niu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Soft Comput."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Costa, I., Amorim, I., Maia, E., Barbosa, P., and Praca, I. (2024). S3PHER: Secure and Searchable System for Patient-driven HEalth data shaRing. arXiv.","DOI":"10.1109\/NCA61908.2024.00029"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2576","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2010.03.026","article-title":"Proxy re-encryption with keyword search","volume":"180","author":"Shao","year":"2010","journal-title":"Inf. Sci."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/1127345.1127346","article-title":"Improved proxy re-encryption schemes with applications to secure distributed storage","volume":"9","author":"Ateniese","year":"2006","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Inf. Syst. Secur. (TISSEC)"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1109\/TPDS.2012.97","article-title":"Scalable and secure sharing of personal health records in cloud computing using attribute-based encryption","volume":"24","author":"Li","year":"2012","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Parallel Distrib. Syst."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hu, S., Cai, C., Wang, Q., Wang, C., Luo, X., and Ren, K. (2018, January 16\u201319). Searching an encrypted cloud meets blockchain: A decentralized, reliable and fair realization. Proceedings of the IEEE INFOCOM 2018-IEEE Conference on Computer Communications, Honolulu, HI, USA.","DOI":"10.1109\/INFOCOM.2018.8485890"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.32604\/iasc.2022.023930","article-title":"An Effective Blockchain Based Secure Searchable Encryption System","volume":"33","author":"Ali","year":"2022","journal-title":"Intell. Autom. Soft Comput."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Iqbal, Y., Tahir, S., Tahir, H., Khan, F., Saeed, S., Almuhaideb, A.M., and Syed, A.M. (2022). A novel homomorphic approach for preserving privacy of patient data in telemedicine. Sensors, 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/s22124432"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31077","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2844400","article-title":"TKSE: Trustworthy keyword search over encrypted data with two-side verifiability via blockchain","volume":"6","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref_62","first-page":"102568","article-title":"Enabling identity-based authorized encrypted diagnostic data sharing for cloud-assisted E-health information systems","volume":"54","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Inf. Secur. Appl."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2734","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2021.3109655","article-title":"Efficient identity-based encryption with revocation for data privacy in internet of things","volume":"9","author":"Sun","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Things J."},{"key":"ref_64","first-page":"100811","article-title":"An efficient heterogeneous online\/offline anonymous certificateless signcryption with proxy re-encryption for Internet of Vehicles","volume":"49","author":"Hundera","year":"2024","journal-title":"Veh. Commun."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33247","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2024.3425450","article-title":"A Certificateless Threshold Proxy Re-Encrypted Data Sharing Scheme With Cloud-Chain Collaboration in Industrial Internet Environments","volume":"11","author":"Feng","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Things J."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2907","DOI":"10.1109\/TDSC.2021.3076580","article-title":"A verifiable and fair attribute-based proxy re-encryption scheme for data sharing in clouds","volume":"19","author":"Ge","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Dependable Secur. Comput."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2024.3515812","article-title":"Multi-Authority Attribute-Based Encryption Scheme With Access Delegation for Cross Blockchain Data Sharing","volume":"20","author":"Duan","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Inf. Forensics Secur."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1109\/TC.2015.2417544","article-title":"Conditional identity-based broadcast proxy re-encryption and its application to cloud email","volume":"65","author":"Xu","year":"2015","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Comput."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10455","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-017-4448-9","article-title":"A proxy broadcast re-encryption for cloud data sharing","volume":"77","author":"Sun","year":"2018","journal-title":"Multimed. Tools Appl."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Green, M., and Ateniese, G. (2007). Identity-based proxy re-encryption. Applied Cryptography and Network Security, Proceedings of the 5th International Conference, ACNS 2007, Zhuhai, China, 5\u20138 June 2007, Springer. Proceedings 5.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-72738-5_19"},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.1109\/TCC.2020.2973623","article-title":"Comments on \u201cSecure data sharing in cloud computing using revocable-storage identity-based encryption\u201d","volume":"8","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Cloud Comput."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13127","DOI":"10.1007\/s00500-019-03855-1","article-title":"An identity-based encryption technique using subtree for fuzzy user data sharing under cloud computing environment","volume":"23","author":"Meshram","year":"2019","journal-title":"Soft Comput."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sudarsono, A., Yuliana, M., and Darwito, H.A. (2017, January 25\u201326). A secure data sharing using identity-based encryption scheme for e-healthcare system. Proceedings of the 2017 3rd International Conference on Science in Information Technology (ICSITech), Bandung, Indonesia.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSITech.2017.8257151"},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1016\/j.future.2021.06.050","article-title":"A secure and efficient Internet of Things cloud encryption scheme with forensics investigation compatibility based on identity-based encryption","volume":"125","author":"Unal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Future Gener. Comput. Syst."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sur, C., Jung, C.D., Park, Y., and Rhee, K.H. (2010). Chosen-ciphertext secure certificateless proxy re-encryption. Communications and Multimedia Security, Proceedings of the 11th IFIP TC 6\/TC 11 International Conference, CMS 2010, Linz, Austria, 31 May\u20132 June 2010, Springer. Proceedings 11.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-13241-4_20"},{"key":"ref_76","first-page":"2254","article-title":"Efficient and secure certificateless proxy re-encryption","volume":"11","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"KSII Trans. Internet Inf. Syst. (TIIS)"},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107478","DOI":"10.1016\/j.future.2024.08.002","article-title":"Certificateless Proxy Re-encryption with Cryptographic Reverse Firewalls for Secure Cloud Data Sharing","volume":"162","author":"Eltayieb","year":"2025","journal-title":"Future Gener. Comput. Syst."},{"key":"ref_78","unstructured":"Nunez, D. (2018). Umbral: A Threshold Proxy Re-Encryption Scheme, NuCypher Inc. and NICS Lab, University of Malaga."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.future.2014.11.016","article-title":"A secure and efficient ciphertext-policy attribute-based proxy re-encryption for cloud data sharing","volume":"52","author":"Liang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Future Gener. Comput. Syst."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1007\/s00779-016-0952-6","article-title":"An energy efficient privacy-preserving content sharing scheme in mobile social networks","volume":"20","author":"He","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pers. Ubiquitous Comput."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, W.H., Fan, C.I., and Tseng, Y.F. (2018, January 10\u201313). Efficient key-aggregate proxy re-encryption for secure data sharing in clouds. Proceedings of the 2018 IEEE Conference on Dependable and Secure Computing (DSC), Kaohsiung, Taiwan.","DOI":"10.1109\/DESEC.2018.8625149"},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fiat, A., and Naor, M. (1994). Broadcast encryption. Advances in Cryptology\u2014CRYPTO\u201993, Proceedings of the 13th Annual International Cryptology Conference, Santa Barbara, CA, USA, 22\u201326 August 1993, Springer. Proceedings 13.","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-48329-2_40"},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nishide, T., Yoneyama, K., and Ohta, K. (2008). Attribute-based encryption with partially hidden encryptor-specified access structures. Applied Cryptography and Network Security, Proceedings of the 6th International Conference, ACNS 2008, New York, NY, USA, 3\u20136 June 2008, Springer. Proceedings 6.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-68914-0_7"},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, J., Ren, K., Zhu, B., and Wan, Z. (2009). Privacy-aware attribute-based encryption with user accountability. Information Security, Proceedings of the 12th International Conference, ISC 2009, Pisa, Italy, 7\u20139 September 2009, Springer. Proceedings 12.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-04474-8_28"},{"key":"ref_85","first-page":"272","article-title":"Directly Revocable and Verifiable Key-Policy Attribute-based Encryption for Large Universe","volume":"19","author":"Ma","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Netw. Secur."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ye, Y., Cao, Z., and Shen, J. (2020\u20131, January 29). Unbounded key-policy attribute-based encryption with black-box traceability. Proceedings of the 2020 IEEE 19th International Conference on Trust, Security and Privacy in Computing and Communications (TrustCom), Guangzhou, China.","DOI":"10.1109\/TrustCom50675.2020.00228"},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1007\/s11390-024-3726-z","article-title":"Key-Policy Attribute-Based Encryption Based on SM9","volume":"40","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Comput. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_88","first-page":"438","article-title":"MedShare: A privacy-preserving medical data sharing system by using blockchain","volume":"16","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Serv. Comput."},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2012","DOI":"10.1109\/TC.2024.3398502","article-title":"Revocable and efficient blockchain-based fine-grained access control against EDoS attacks in cloud storage","volume":"73","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Comput."},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bethencourt, J., Sahai, A., and Waters, B. (2007, January 20\u201323). Ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption. Proceedings of the 2007 IEEE symposium on security and privacy (SP\u201907), Berkeley, CA, USA.","DOI":"10.1109\/SP.2007.11"},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1790","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2013.2279531","article-title":"DAC-MACS: Effective data access control for multiauthority cloud storage systems","volume":"8","author":"Yang","year":"2013","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Inf. Forensics Secur."},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lai, J., Deng, R.H., and Li, Y. (2011). Fully secure cipertext-policy hiding CP-ABE. Information Security Practice and Experience, Proceedings of the 7th International Conference, ISPEC 2011, Guangzhou, China, 30 May\u20131 June 2011, Springer. Proceedings 7.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-21031-0_3"},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4897","DOI":"10.1002\/sec.1663","article-title":"Ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption with partially hidden access structure and its application to privacy-preserving electronic medical record system in cloud environment","volume":"9","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Secur. Commun. Netw."},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2130","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2018.2825289","article-title":"Security and privacy in smart health: Efficient policy-hiding attribute-based access control","volume":"5","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Things J."},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112713","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2929205","article-title":"A secure cloud storage framework with access control based on blockchain","volume":"7","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8143","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2021.3111012","article-title":"Secure data sharing: Blockchain-enabled data access control framework for IoT","volume":"9","author":"Wei","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Things J."},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101854","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sysarc.2020.101854","article-title":"A blockchain-based access control scheme with multiple attribute authorities for secure cloud data sharing","volume":"112","author":"Qin","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Syst. Archit."},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1109\/TC.2024.3512177","article-title":"Data sharing in the metaverse with key abuse resistance based on decentralized CP-ABE","volume":"74","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Comput."},{"key":"ref_99","unstructured":"Goyal, V., Pandey, O., Sahai, A., and Waters, B. (November, January 30). Attribute-based encryption for fine-grained access control of encrypted data. Proceedings of the 13th ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security, Alexandria, VA, USA."},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1080\/09540091.2020.1858757","article-title":"An efficient attribute-based encryption scheme based on SM9 encryption algorithm for dispatching and control cloud","volume":"33","author":"Ji","year":"2021","journal-title":"Connect. Sci."},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1109\/TIT.1976.1055638","article-title":"New directions in cryptography","volume":"22","author":"Johnson","year":"1976","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory"},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1109\/TPDS.2004.1278104","article-title":"Secure group communication using robust contributory key agreement","volume":"15","author":"Amir","year":"2004","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Parallel Distrib. Syst."},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1007\/s11235-020-00673-x","article-title":"Cross-domain certificateless authenticated group key agreement protocol for 5G network slicings","volume":"74","author":"Luo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Telecommun. Syst."},{"key":"ref_104","first-page":"102599","article-title":"Tree and elliptic curve based efficient and secure group key agreement protocol","volume":"55","author":"Rawat","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Inf. Secur. Appl."},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e4179","DOI":"10.1002\/ett.4179","article-title":"An asymmetric group key agreement protocol based on attribute threshold for Internet of Things","volume":"32","author":"Gan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trans. Emerg. Telecommun. Technol."},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13939","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2021.3068489","article-title":"Anonymous group-oriented time-bound key agreement for internet of medical things in telemonitoring using chaotic maps","volume":"8","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Things J."},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comcom.2021.10.011","article-title":"Pairing free asymmetric group key agreement protocol","volume":"181","author":"Braeken","year":"2022","journal-title":"Comput. Commun."},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102756","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sysarc.2022.102756","article-title":"A two rounds dynamic authenticated group key agreement protocol based on LWE","volume":"133","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Syst. Archit."},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1109\/TDSC.2021.3138445","article-title":"Dynamic authenticated asymmetric group key agreement with sender non-repudiation and privacy for group-oriented applications","volume":"20","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Dependable Secur. Comput."},{"key":"ref_110","first-page":"14987","article-title":"TAGKA: Threshold authenticated group key agreement protocol against member disconnect for UANET","volume":"72","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol."},{"key":"ref_111","first-page":"103388","article-title":"A group key agreement protocol based on ecdh and short signature","volume":"72","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Inf. Secur. Appl."},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2977","DOI":"10.1007\/s10207-024-00876-2","article-title":"A dynamic C-V2X anonymous authentication and group key agreement protocol","volume":"23","author":"Cui","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Inf. Secur."},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29146","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2024.3406757","article-title":"A Dynamic and Efficient Self-Certified Authenticated Group Key Agreement Protocol for VANET","volume":"11","author":"Cao","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Things J."},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106713","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compeleceng.2020.106713","article-title":"Blockchain-based asymmetric group key agreement protocol for internet of vehicles","volume":"86","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Comput. Electr. Eng."},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xu, Z., Li, F., Deng, H., Tan, M., Zhang, J., and Xu, J. (2020). A blockchain-based authentication and dynamic group key agreement protocol. Sensors, 20.","DOI":"10.3390\/s20174835"},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9046","DOI":"10.1007\/s11227-020-03561-y","article-title":"A secure blockchain-based group key agreement protocol for IoT","volume":"77","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Supercomput."},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8708","DOI":"10.1007\/s11227-021-04175-8","article-title":"Provably secure blockchain privacy-preserving smart contract centric dynamic group key agreement for large WSN","volume":"78","author":"Naresh","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Supercomput."},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, Z., Huo, R., and Wang, S. (2022). A lightweight certificateless group key agreement method without pairing based on blockchain for smart grid. Future Internet, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/fi14040119"},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7118","DOI":"10.1109\/TII.2021.3129631","article-title":"A time-sensitive token-based anonymous authentication and dynamic group key agreement scheme for industry 5.0","volume":"18","author":"Xu","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Ind. Inform."},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16701","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2023.3299705","article-title":"Blockchain-based partial group key agreement protocol for intelligent transportation systems","volume":"72","author":"Chhikara","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol."},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6709","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2024.3414663","article-title":"Blockchain-based group key management scheme for iot with anonymity of group members","volume":"19","author":"Braeken","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Inf. Forensics Secur."},{"key":"ref_122","first-page":"5682","article-title":"PLGAKD: A PUF-based lightweight group authentication and key distribution protocol","volume":"8","author":"Cenk","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Things J."},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jksuci.2017.12.014","article-title":"A computationally efficient centralized group key distribution protocol for secure multicast communications based upon RSA public key cryptosystem","volume":"32","author":"Kumar","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. King Saud Univ.-Comput. Inf. Sci."},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1007\/s11276-020-02449-2","article-title":"Lightweight and flexible key distribution schemes for secure group communications","volume":"27","author":"Harn","year":"2021","journal-title":"Wirel. Netw."},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1007\/s10207-021-00549-4","article-title":"Authenticated logarithmic-order supersingular isogeny group key exchange","volume":"21","author":"Hougaard","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Inf. Secur."},{"key":"ref_126","first-page":"100807","article-title":"Software-defined network aided lightweight group key management for resource-constrained Internet of Things devices","volume":"36","author":"Taurshia","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sustain. Comput. Inform. Syst."},{"key":"ref_127","first-page":"100457","article-title":"General logic-operation-based lightweight group-key distribution schemes for Internet of Vehicles","volume":"34","author":"Harn","year":"2022","journal-title":"Veh. Commun."},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gebremichael, T., Gidlund, M., Hancke, G.P., and Jennehag, U. (2022). Quantum-safe group key establishment protocol from lattice trapdoors. Sensors, 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/s22114148"},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5420","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2023.3280561","article-title":"An information-theoretic secure group authentication scheme for quantum key distribution networks","volume":"71","author":"Luo","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Commun."},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23544","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2024.3384993","article-title":"Efficient anonymous authentication and group key distribution scheme based on quantum random numbers for vanets","volume":"11","author":"Cheng","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Things J."},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43560","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2024.3380015","article-title":"Using quantum key distribution with free space optics to secure communications in high-speed trains","volume":"12","author":"Yaacoub","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11309","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2019.2943118","article-title":"Blockchain-based mutual-healing group key distribution scheme in unmanned aerial vehicles ad-hoc network","volume":"68","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol."},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27990","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2022.3157753","article-title":"Hierarchical blockchain-based group and group key management scheme exploiting unmanned aerial vehicles for urban computing","volume":"10","author":"Heo","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1109\/LNET.2023.3234491","article-title":"Efficient blockchain-based group key distribution for secure authentication in VANETs","volume":"5","author":"Shawky","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Netw. Lett."},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.future.2023.10.023","article-title":"Group key management in the Internet of Things: Handling asynchronicity","volume":"152","author":"Abdmeziem","year":"2024","journal-title":"Future Gener. Comput. Syst."},{"key":"ref_136","unstructured":"Cai, J., and Pooch, U. (2004, January 26\u201330). Allocate fair payoff for cooperation in wireless ad hoc networks using shapley value. Proceedings of the 18th International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium, Santa Fe, NM, USA."},{"key":"ref_137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcss.2016.08.005","article-title":"Establishing evolutionary game models for cyber security information exchange (cybex)","volume":"98","author":"Tosh","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Comput. Syst. Sci."},{"key":"ref_138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSE.2019.2917071","article-title":"Incentive mechanism based cooperative spectrum sharing for OFDM cognitive IoT network","volume":"7","author":"Lu","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Netw. Sci. Eng."},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9965","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2024.3512935","article-title":"FDTA: A Value-Guaranteed Fair Data Trading Approach With A Three-Stage Stackelberg Game","volume":"12","author":"Zhu","year":"2025","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Things J."},{"key":"ref_140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7980","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2025.3531125","article-title":"Social-Aware Incentive Mechanism for Data Quality in Mobile Crowdsensing: A Three-Stage Stackelberg Game Approach","volume":"12","author":"Yu","year":"2025","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Things J."},{"key":"ref_141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1625","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2019.2946611","article-title":"Toward secure data sharing for the IoV: A quality-driven incentive mechanism with on-chain and off-chain guarantees","volume":"7","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Things J."},{"key":"ref_142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2020.2986619","article-title":"Blockchain-based incentives for secure and collaborative data sharing in multiple clouds","volume":"38","author":"Shen","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun."},{"key":"ref_143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7192","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2020.3038721","article-title":"Healthchain: Secure EMRs management and trading in distributed healthcare service system","volume":"8","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Things J."},{"key":"ref_144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ali, B., and Maheswaran, M. (December, January 30). A game theoretic analysis of blacklisting in online data storage systems. Proceedings of the GLOBECOM 2009\u20142009 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, Honolulu, HI, USA.","DOI":"10.1109\/GLOCOM.2009.5426210"},{"key":"ref_145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kantarcioglu, M., and Nix, R. (December, January 30). Incentive compatible distributed data mining. Proceedings of the 2010 IEEE Second International Conference on Social Computing, Indianapolis, IN, USA.","DOI":"10.1109\/SocialCom.2010.114"},{"key":"ref_146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2743","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2015.2504503","article-title":"Smart meters big data: Game theoretic model for fair data sharing in deregulated smart grids","volume":"3","author":"Yassine","year":"2015","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref_147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kamhoua, C.A., Kwiat, K.A., and Park, J.S. (2012, January 26\u201328). A game theoretic approach for modeling optimal data sharing on online social networks. Proceedings of the 2012 9th International Conference on Electrical Engineering, Computing Science and Automatic Control (CCE), Mexico City, Mexico.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICEEE.2012.6421108"},{"key":"ref_148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1535","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2016.2647624","article-title":"Mobile crowdsensing games in vehicular networks","volume":"67","author":"Xiao","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol."},{"key":"ref_149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omega.2018.05.008","article-title":"Resource sharing and payoff allocation in a three-stage system: Integrating network DEA with the Shapley value method","volume":"85","author":"An","year":"2019","journal-title":"Omega"},{"key":"ref_150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5517","DOI":"10.1109\/TII.2019.2951009","article-title":"Social-aware incentive mechanisms for D2D resource sharing in IIoT","volume":"16","author":"Sun","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Ind. Inform."},{"key":"ref_151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16897","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2022.3147840","article-title":"Information dissemination with service-oriented incentive mechanism in industrial Internet of Things","volume":"9","author":"Yi","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Things J."},{"key":"ref_152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106587","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compeleceng.2020.106587","article-title":"An incentive mechanism for data sharing based on blockchain with smart contracts","volume":"83","author":"Xuan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Comput. Electr. Eng."},{"key":"ref_153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2022.04.047","article-title":"Blockchain empowered federated learning for data sharing incentive mechanism","volume":"202","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Procedia Comput. Sci."},{"key":"ref_154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24572","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2022.3191671","article-title":"Dim-ds: Dynamic incentive model for data sharing in federated learning based on smart contracts and evolutionary game theory","volume":"9","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Things J."},{"key":"ref_155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21489","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2023.3295763","article-title":"Pd2s: A privacy-preserving differentiated data sharing scheme based on blockchain and federated learning","volume":"10","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Things J."},{"key":"ref_156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109991","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2024.109991","article-title":"Quality decision and demand information sharing: The role of blockchain adoption","volume":"189","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Comput. Ind. Eng."},{"key":"ref_157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1007\/s10489-024-06172-9","article-title":"An asynchronous federated learning-assisted data sharing method for medical blockchain","volume":"55","author":"Gan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Appl. Intell."}],"container-title":["Symmetry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-8994\/17\/8\/1259\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T18:25:08Z","timestamp":1760034308000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-8994\/17\/8\/1259"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,7]]},"references-count":157,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]}},"alternative-id":["sym17081259"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/sym17081259","relation":{},"ISSN":["2073-8994"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2073-8994","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,7]]}}}