{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T17:16:50Z","timestamp":1784308610888,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":162,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]],"date-time":"2025-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757635200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["11975011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11975011"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["12061141002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12061141002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024YFA1610501"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024YFA1610501"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["QY24227"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["QY24227"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["QY25010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["QY25010"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of China","award":["11975011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11975011"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of China","award":["12061141002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12061141002"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of China","award":["2024YFA1610501"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024YFA1610501"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of China","award":["QY24227"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["QY24227"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of China","award":["QY25010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["QY25010"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004826","name":"Beijing Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["11975011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11975011"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004826","name":"Beijing Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["12061141002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12061141002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004826","name":"Beijing Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024YFA1610501"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024YFA1610501"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004826","name":"Beijing Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["QY24227"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["QY24227"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004826","name":"Beijing Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["QY25010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["QY25010"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Symmetry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We review recent heavy quarkonium measurements in pp, pPb, and PbPb collisions at the LHC by the ALICE, ATLAS, CMS, and LHCb collaborations using Run-2 and early Run-3 data. Production studies include present differential cross-sections and polarization measurements of charmonium and bottomonium, providing precise tests of QCD theoretical calculations and unveiling symmetry relations among spin and orbital configurations. Notably, a tt\u00af quasi-bound-state has been observed at the LHC recently. Suppression analyses quantify the sequential melting of bottomonium states in PbPb collisions, serving as a probe of the deconfined quark\u2013gluon plasma. Cold nuclear matter effects are constrained through comparisons of quarkonium yields in pPb and pp collisions. Furthermore, multi-quarkonium investigations observe di- and tri-quarkonium production processes and resonances, exploring multi-parton interactions and the symmetry structure underlying exotic hadron states.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/sym17091521","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]],"date-time":"2025-09-12T07:52:28Z","timestamp":1757663548000},"page":"1521","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Experimental Review of the Quarkonium Physics at the LHC"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-2290-1828","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yiyang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics & Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6827-1729","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jinfeng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics & Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-9724-2498","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xing","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics & Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-1404-1637","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics & Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8209-4343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhen","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics & Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1125","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevD.51.1125","article-title":"Rigorous QCD analysis of inclusive annihilation and production of heavy quarkonium","volume":"51","author":"Bodwin","year":"1995","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. D"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"083001","DOI":"10.1088\/0954-3899\/35\/8\/083001","article-title":"Top quark physics at the LHC","volume":"35","author":"Bernreuther","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Phys. G"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"CMS Collaboration (2025). Observation of a pseudoscalar excess at the top quark pair production threshold. arXiv.","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6633\/adf7d3"},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"ATLAS Collaboration (2025). Observation of a Cross-Section Enhancement near the tt\u00af Production Threshold in s = 13 TeV pp Collisions with the ATLAS Detector, CERN."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/0370-2693(94)01658-Y","article-title":"Spin symmetry predictions for heavy quarkonia alignment","volume":"346","author":"Cho","year":"1995","journal-title":"Phys. Lett. B"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/S0550-3213(97)00801-8","article-title":"NLO production and decay of quarkonium","volume":"514","author":"Petrelli","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nucl. Phys. B"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/0370-2693(77)90108-3","article-title":"Producing heavy quark flavors in hadronic collisions: A test of quantum chromodynamics","volume":"67","author":"Fritzsch","year":"1977","journal-title":"Phys. Lett. B"},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"2686","article-title":"Quantitative tests of color evaporation: Charmonium production","volume":"53","author":"Amundson","year":"1996","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. D"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1016\/0370-2693(86)91404-8","article-title":"J\/\u03c8 suppression by quark-gluon plasma formation","volume":"178","author":"Matsui","year":"1986","journal-title":"Phys. Lett. B"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1534","DOI":"10.1140\/epjc\/s10052-010-1534-9","article-title":"Heavy quarkonium: Progress, puzzles, and opportunities","volume":"71","author":"Brambilla","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur. Phys. J. C"},{"key":"ref_11","unstructured":"BABAR Collaboration (2010). Test of lepton universality in \u03a5(1S) decays at BABAR. Phys. Rev. Lett., 104, 191801."},{"key":"ref_12","unstructured":"Essig, R., Jaros, J.A., Wester, W., Hansson Adrian, P., Andreas, S., Averett, T., Baker, O., Batell, B., Battaglieri, M., and Beacham, J. (2013). Dark Sectors and New, Light, Weakly-Coupled Particles. arXiv."},{"key":"ref_13","unstructured":"BABAR Collaboration (2009). A Search for Invisible Decays of the \u03a5(1S). Phys. Rev. Lett., 103, 251801."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"LHCb Collaboration (2020). Observation of structure in the J\/\u03c8 -pair mass spectrum. Sci. Bull., 65, 1983\u20131993.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scib.2020.08.032"},{"key":"ref_15","unstructured":"CMS Collaboration (2025). Observation of a family of all-charm tetraquark candidates at the LHC. Sci. Adv., submitted."},{"key":"ref_16","unstructured":"CMS Collaboration (Sci. Adv., 2025). Observation of X(6900) and evidence of X(7100) in the psi(2S)Jpsi to 4mu mass spectrum in pp collisions at CMS, Sci. Adv., submitted."},{"key":"ref_17","unstructured":"ATLAS Collaboration (2023). Observation of an Excess of Dicharmonium Events in the Four-Muon Final State with the ATLAS Detector. Phys. Rev. Lett., 131, 151902."},{"key":"ref_18","unstructured":"CMS Collaboration (2020). Measurement of the \u03a5(1S) pair production cross section and search for resonances decaying to \u03a5(1S)\u03bc+\u03bc\u2212 in proton-proton collisions at s = 13 TeV. Phys. Lett. B, 808, 135578."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1404","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.33.1404","article-title":"Experimental Observation of a Heavy Particle J","volume":"33","author":"Aubert","year":"1974","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1406","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.33.1406","article-title":"Discovery of a Narrow Resonance in e+e\u2212 Annihilation","volume":"33","author":"Augustin","year":"1974","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.35.821","article-title":"\u03c8(3684) Radiative decays to high-mass states","volume":"35","author":"Feldman","year":"1975","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1324","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.38.1324","article-title":"Inclusive gamma-Ray Spectra from psi (3095) and psi-prime (3684)","volume":"38","author":"Biddick","year":"1977","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1323","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.35.1323","article-title":"Observation of an Intermediate State in psi-prime (3684) Radiative Cascade Decay","volume":"35","author":"Tanenbaum","year":"1975","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1596","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.37.1596","article-title":"Radiative Decays of psi (3095) and psi-prime (3684)","volume":"37","author":"Whitaker","year":"1976","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3090","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevD.17.3090","article-title":"Charmonium: Comparison with experiment","volume":"17","author":"Eichten","year":"1978","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. D"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.39.526","article-title":"Observation of a Resonance in e+ e- Annihilation Just Above Charm Threshold","volume":"39","author":"Rapidis","year":"1977","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"ref_27","unstructured":"DASP Collaboration (1978). Total Cross-section for Hadron Production by e+e\u2212 Annihilation at Center-of-mass Energies Between 3.6-GeV and 5.2-GeV. Phys. Lett. B, 76, 361."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.36.700","article-title":"Observation of a Resonance at 4.4-GeV and Additional Structure Near 4.1-GeV in e+ e- Annihilation","volume":"36","author":"Siegrist","year":"1976","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"ref_29","first-page":"083C01","article-title":"Review of Particle Physics","volume":"2024","author":"Navas","year":"2024","journal-title":"Prog. Theor. Exp. Phys."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.39.252","article-title":"Observation of a Dimuon Resonance at 9.5 GeV in 400-GeV Proton\u2013Nucleus Collisions","volume":"39","author":"Herb","year":"1977","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1108","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.44.1108","article-title":"Observation of Three Upsilon States","volume":"44","author":"Andrews","year":"1980","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.52.799","article-title":"Observation of Radiative Decays of the \u03a5(2S)","volume":"52","author":"Haas","year":"1984","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"ref_33","unstructured":"CUSB Collaboration (1980). Observation of a Fourth Upsilon State in e+e\u2212 Annihilations. Phys. Rev. Lett., 45, 219\u2013222."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.54.381","article-title":"Observation of New Structure in the e+e\u2212 Cross Section Above the \u03a5(4S)","volume":"54","author":"Besson","year":"1985","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3026","DOI":"10.1140\/epjc\/s10052-014-3026-9","article-title":"The Physics of the B Factories","volume":"74","author":"Bevan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. Phys. J. C"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"CMS Collaboration (2008). The CMS experiment at the CERN LHC. J. Instrum., 3, S08004.","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-0221\/3\/08\/S08004"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"ATLAS Collaboration (2008). The ATLAS Experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. J. Instrum., 3, S08003.","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-0221\/3\/08\/S08003"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"LHCb Collaboration (2008). The LHCb Detector at the LHC. J. Instrum., 3, S08005.","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-0221\/3\/08\/S08005"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"ALICE Collaboration (2008). The ALICE experiment at the CERN LHC. J. Instrum., 3, S08002.","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-0221\/3\/08\/S08002"},{"key":"ref_40","unstructured":"CMS Collaboration (2016). Dimuon Spectrum 2016, CERN. Technical Report."},{"key":"ref_41","unstructured":"Reznicek, P. (2021). ATLAS Measurements of CP-Violation and Rare Decays Processes with Beauty Mesons, Charles University. Technical Report."},{"key":"ref_42","unstructured":"LHCb Collaboration (2018). Search for Dark Photons Produced in 13 TeV pp Collisions. Phys. Rev. Lett., 120, 061801\u2013061812."},{"key":"ref_43","unstructured":"ALICE Collaboration (2025). Proceedings of Direct photon measurement in small systems and thermal radiation from QGP with ALICE, Hard Probes conference 2024. arXiv."},{"key":"ref_44","unstructured":"CMS Collaboration (2021). Precision luminosity measurement in proton\u2013proton collisions at s = 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016 at CMS. Eur. Phys. J. C, 81, 800."},{"key":"ref_45","unstructured":"CMS Collaboration (2024). Luminosity Measurement in Proton\u2013Proton Collisions at s =13.6 TeV in 2022 at CMS, CERN. Technical Report CMS-PAS-LUM-22-001, CMS Physics Analysis Summary."},{"key":"ref_46","unstructured":"CDF Collaboration (2002). \u03a5 Production and Polarization in pp\u00af Collisions at s = 1.8 TeV. Phys. Rev. Lett., 88, 161802."},{"key":"ref_47","unstructured":"CDF Collaboration (2007). Polarization of J\/\u03c8 and \u03c8(2S) mesons produced in pp\u00af collisions at s = 1.96 TeV. Phys. Rev. Lett., 99, 132001."},{"key":"ref_48","unstructured":"CDF Collaboration (2000). Production of \u03a5(1S) Mesons from \u03c7b Decays in pp\u00af Collisions at s == 1.8 TeV. Phys. Rev. Lett., 84, 2094\u20132099."},{"key":"ref_49","unstructured":"CMS Collaboration (2011). Prompt and non-prompt J\/\u03c8 production in pp collisions at s = 7 TeV. Eur. Phys. J. C, 71, 1575."},{"key":"ref_50","unstructured":"ATLAS Collaboration (2011). Measurement of the differential cross-sections of prompt and non-prompt production of J\/\u03c8 and \u03c8(2S) in pp collisions at s = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector. Nucl. Phys. B, 850, 387\u2013444."},{"key":"ref_51","unstructured":"LHCb Collaboration (2011). Measurement of J\/\u03c8 production in pp collisions at s = 7 TeV. Eur. Phys. J. C, 71, 1645."},{"key":"ref_52","unstructured":"CMS Collaboration (2018). Measurement of quarkonium production cross sections in pp collisions at s = 13 TeV. Phys. Lett. B, 780, 251\u2013272."},{"key":"ref_53","unstructured":"ATLAS Collaboration (2024). Measurement of the production cross-section of J\/\u03c8 and \u03c8(2S) mesons in pp collisions at s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector. Eur. Phys. J. C, 84, 169."},{"key":"ref_54","unstructured":"LHCb Collaboration (2015). Measurement of forward J\/\u03c8 production cross-section in pp collisions at s = 13 TeV. J. High Energy Phys., 10, 172."},{"key":"ref_55","unstructured":"ALICE Collaboration (2020). Multiplicity dependence of inclusive J\/\u03c8 production at midrapidity in pp collisions at s = 13 TeV. Phys. Lett. B, 810, 135758."},{"key":"ref_56","unstructured":"LHCb Collaboration (2018). Central exclusive production of J\/\u03c8 and \u03c8(2S) mesons in pp collisions at s = 13 TeV. J. High Energy Phys., 10, 167."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"ALICE Collaboration (2024). Quarkonia as probes of initial and final states in small systems with ALICE. EPJ Web Conf., 274, 09007.","DOI":"10.1051\/epjconf\/202429609007"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"022003","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.106.022003","article-title":"Reconciling J\/\u03c8 Production at HERA, RHIC, Tevatron, and LHC with Nonrelativistic QCD Factorization at Next-to-Leading Order","volume":"106","author":"Kniehl","year":"2011","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114029","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevD.98.114029","article-title":"Production and polarization of prompt J\/\u03c8 in the improved color evaporation model using the kT-factorization approach","volume":"98","author":"Cheung","year":"2018","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. D"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1730015","DOI":"10.1142\/S0217751X17300150","article-title":"Review of bottomonium measurements from CMS","volume":"32","author":"Hu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Mod. Phys. A"},{"key":"ref_61","unstructured":"ALICE Collaboration (2023). Inclusive quarkonium production in pp collisions at s = 5.02 TeV. Eur. Phys. J. C, 83, 61."},{"key":"ref_62","unstructured":"LHCb Collaboration (2025). Measurement of the multiplicity dependence of \u03a5 production ratios in pp collisions at s = 13 TeV. J. High Energy Phys., 05, 011."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"034007","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevD.99.034007","article-title":"Production and polarization of prompt \u03a5(nS) in the improved color evaporation model using the kT-factorization approach","volume":"99","author":"Cheung","year":"2019","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. D"},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"007","DOI":"10.1088\/1126-6708\/1998\/05\/007","article-title":"The pT spectrum in heavy-flavour hadroproduction","volume":"9805","author":"Cacciari","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. High Energy Phys."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"034023","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevD.104.034023","article-title":"Signatures of toponium formation in LHC run 2 data","volume":"104","author":"Fuks","year":"2021","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. D"},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"CMS Collaboration (2025). Differential cross section measurements for the production of top quark pairs and of additional jets using dilepton events from pp collisions at s = 13 TeV. J. High Energy Phys., 02, 064.","DOI":"10.1007\/JHEP02(2025)064"},{"key":"ref_67","unstructured":"ATLAS Collaboration (2020). Measurement of the tt\u00af production cross-section and lepton differential distributions in e\u03bc dilepton events from pp collisions at s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector. Eur. Phys. J. C, 80, 528."},{"key":"ref_68","unstructured":"ATLAS Collaboration (2023). Inclusive and differential cross-sections for dilepton tt\u00af production measured in s = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector. J. High Energy Phys., 07, 141."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01614696","article-title":"On the Threshold Behavior of Heavy Top Production","volume":"48","author":"Fadin","year":"1990","journal-title":"Z. Phys. C"},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1140\/epjc\/s10052-009-0892-7","article-title":"Top-quark pair production near threshold at LHC","volume":"60","author":"Kiyo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur. Phys. J. C"},{"key":"ref_71","unstructured":"CMS Collaboration (2020). Measurement of the top quark Yukawa coupling from tt\u00af kinematic distributions in the dilepton final state in proton-proton collisions at s = 13 TeV. Phys. Rev. D, 102, 092013."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1140\/epjp\/s13360-021-01902-1","article-title":"Entanglement and quantum tomography with top quarks at the LHC","volume":"136","author":"Afik","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. Phys. J. Plus"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"ATLAS Collaboration (2024). Observation of quantum entanglement with top quarks at the ATLAS detector. Nature, 633, 542\u2013547.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-024-07824-z"},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"CMS Collaboration (2024). Observation of quantum entanglement in top quark pair production in proton\u2013proton collisions at s = 13 TeV. Rept. Prog. Phys., 87, 117801.","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6633\/ad7e4d"},{"key":"ref_75","unstructured":"D0 Collaboration (1995). Observation of the top quark. Phys. Rev. Lett., 74, 2632\u20132637."},{"key":"ref_76","unstructured":"CMS Collaboration (2013). Measurement of the prompt J\/\u03c8 and \u03c8(2S) polarizations in pp collisions at s = 7 TeV. Phys. Lett. B, 727, 381\u2013402."},{"key":"ref_77","unstructured":"CMS Collaboration (2013). Measurement of the \u03a5(1S), \u03a5(2S), and \u03a5(3S) polarizations in pp collisions at s = 7 TeV. Phys. Rev. Lett., 110, 081802."},{"key":"ref_78","unstructured":"LHCb Collaboration (2013). Measurement of J\/\u03c8 polarization in pp collisions at s = 7 TeV. Eur. Phys. J. C, 73, 2631."},{"key":"ref_79","unstructured":"LHCb Collaboration (2014). Measurement of \u03c8(2S) polarisation in pp collisions at s = 7 TeV. Eur. Phys. J. C, 74, 2872."},{"key":"ref_80","unstructured":"ALICE Collaboration (2012). J\/\u03c8 polarization in pp collisions at s = 7 TeV. Phys. Rev. Lett., 108, 082001."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1423","DOI":"10.1103\/RevModPhys.77.1423","article-title":"Effective Field Theories for Heavy Quarkonium","volume":"77","author":"Brambilla","year":"2005","journal-title":"Rev. Mod. Phys."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1140\/epjc\/s10052-010-1420-5","article-title":"Towards the Experimental Clarification of Quarkonium Polarization","volume":"69","author":"Faccioli","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. Phys. J. C"},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3941","DOI":"10.1142\/S0217751X97002097","article-title":"Quarkonium Polarization in the NRQCD Factorization Framework","volume":"12","author":"Braaten","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int. J. Mod. Phys. A"},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1350027","DOI":"10.1142\/S0217732313500272","article-title":"Next-to-leading-order tests of nonrelativistic-QCD factorization with J\/\u03c8 yield and polarization","volume":"28","author":"Butenschoen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mod. Phys. Lett. A"},{"key":"ref_85","unstructured":"CMS Collaboration (2024). Measurement of the polarizations of prompt and non-prompt J\/\u03c8 and \u03c8(2S) mesons produced in pp collisions at s = 13 TeV. Phys. Lett. B, 858, 139044."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"005","DOI":"10.1007\/JHEP10(2022)010","article-title":"On the polarization of the non-prompt contribution to inclusive J\/\u03c8 production in pp collisions","volume":"10","author":"Faccioli","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. High Energy Phys."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"054011","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevD.67.054011","article-title":"Polarized J\/\u03c8 production from B mesons at the Fermilab Tevatron","volume":"67","author":"Krey","year":"2003","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. D"},{"key":"ref_88","unstructured":"ALICE Collaboration (2020, January 1\u20136). Measurement of quarkonium polarization in Pb\u2013Pb collisions at the LHC with ALICE. Proceedings of the Hard Probes 2020, Austin, TX, USA."},{"key":"ref_89","unstructured":"PHENIX Collaboration (2007). J\/\u03c8 Production vs Centrality, Transverse Momentum, and Rapidity in Au+Au Collisions at \n\t\t  \n\t\t  \n\t\t  sNN = 200 GeV. Phys. Rev. Lett., 98, 232301."},{"key":"ref_90","unstructured":"CMS Collaboration (2012). Observation of Sequential Upsilon Suppression in PbPb Collisions. Phys. Rev. Lett., 109, 222301."},{"key":"ref_91","unstructured":"CMS Collaboration (2017). Suppression of Upsilon(1S), Upsilon(2S), and Upsilon(3S) quarkonium states in PbPb collisions at sNN = 2.76 TeV. Phys. Lett. B, 770, 357\u2013379."},{"key":"ref_92","unstructured":"ATLAS Collaboration (2023). Production of \u03a5(nS) mesons in Pb+Pb and pp collisions at sNN = 5.02 TeV. Phys. Rev. C, 107, 054912."},{"key":"ref_93","unstructured":"ALICE Collaboration (2021). \u03a5 production and nuclear modification at forward rapidity in Pb\u2013Pb collisions at sNN = 5.02 TeV. J. High Energy Phys., 11, 194."},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"054901","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevC.96.054901","article-title":"Color Screening and Regeneration of Bottomonia in High-Energy Heavy-Ion Collisions","volume":"96","author":"Du","year":"2017","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. C"},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"094049","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevD.104.094049","article-title":"Bottomonium production in heavy-ion collisions using quantum trajectories: Differential observables and momentum anisotropy","volume":"104","author":"Brambilla","year":"2021","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. D"},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0491-6","article-title":"Decoding the phase structure of QCD via particle production at high energy","volume":"561","author":"Andronic","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Krouppa, B., and Strickland, M. (2016). Predictions for bottomonia suppression in 5.023 TeV Pb\u2013Pb collisions. Universe, 2.","DOI":"10.3390\/universe2030016"},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"044903","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevC.81.044903","article-title":"Cold Nuclear Matter Effects on J\/\u03c8 and \u03a5 Production at the LHC","volume":"81","author":"Vogt","year":"2010","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. C"},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122301","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.109.122301","article-title":"J\/\u03c8 suppression in p\u2013A collisions from parton energy loss in cold QCD matter","volume":"109","author":"Arleo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"094","DOI":"10.1007\/JHEP10(2018)094","article-title":"Is bottomonium suppression in proton-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions at LHC energies due to the same effects?","volume":"10","author":"Ferreiro","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. High Energy Phys."},{"key":"ref_101","unstructured":"CMS Collaboration (2017). Measurement of prompt and nonprompt J\/\u03c8 production in pp and pPb collisions at sNN = 5.02 TeV. Eur. Phys. J. C, 77, 269."},{"key":"ref_102","unstructured":"CMS Collaboration (2022). Nuclear modification of \u03a5 states in pPb collisions at sNN = 5.02 TeV. Phys. Lett. B, 835, 137397."},{"key":"ref_103","unstructured":"CMS Collaboration (2019). Measurement of nuclear modification factors of \u03a5(1S), \u03a5(2S), and \u03a5(3S) mesons in PbPb collisions at sNN = 5.02 TeV. Phys. Lett. B, 790, 270\u2013293."},{"key":"ref_104","unstructured":"ATLAS Collaboration (2018). Measurement of quarkonium production in proton\u2013lead and proton\u2013proton collisions at s = 5.02 TeV with the ATLAS detector. Eur. Phys. J. C, 78, 171."},{"key":"ref_105","unstructured":"ALICE Collaboration (2022). Inclusive, prompt and non-prompt J\/\u03c8 production at midrapidity in p\u2013Pb collisions at sNN = 5.02 TeV. J. High Energy Phys., 06, 011."},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Boente Garcia, O. (2020, January 1\u20136). Quarkonia production in pPb collisions. Proceedings of the Hard Probes 2020, Austin, TX, USA.","DOI":"10.22323\/1.387.0075"},{"key":"ref_107","unstructured":"CMS Collaboration (2025). Observation of the charged-particle multiplicity dependence of \u03c3\u03c8(2S)\/\u03c3J\/\u03c8 in pPb collisions at sNN = 8.16 TeV. arXiv."},{"key":"ref_108","unstructured":"LHCb Collaboration (2024). Multiplicity dependence of \u03c3\u03c8(2S)\/\u03c3J\/\u03c8 in pp collisions at s = 13 TeV. J. High Energy Phys., 5, 243."},{"key":"ref_109","unstructured":"ALICE Collaboration (2016). Centrality dependence of \u03c8(2S) suppression in pPb collisions at sNN = 5.02 TeV. J. High Energy Phys., 6, 50."},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physletb.2015.07.066","article-title":"Excited charmonium suppression in proton\u2013nucleus collisions as a consequence of comovers","volume":"749","author":"Ferreiro","year":"2015","journal-title":"Phys. Lett. B"},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"ALICE Collaboration (2025). Multiplicity dependent inclusive J\/\u03c8 production at forward rapidity in pp collisions at s = 13 TeV. arXiv.","DOI":"10.1007\/JHEP07(2025)238"},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.21468\/SciPostPhysCodeb.8","article-title":"A comprehensive guide to the physics and usage of PYTHIA 8.3","volume":"2022","author":"Bierlich","year":"2022","journal-title":"SciPost Phys. Codeb."},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"054011","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevD.109.054011","article-title":"Heavy flavor as a probe of hot QCD matter produced in proton-proton collisions","volume":"109","author":"Zhao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. D"},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1140\/epjc\/s10052-020-8086-4","article-title":"Multiplicity dependence of quarkonia production in the CGC approach","volume":"80","author":"Levin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. Phys. J. C"},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Conesa del Valle, Z. (2024). Multiplicity Dependence of Quarkonium Production. Universe, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/universe10020059"},{"key":"ref_116","unstructured":"CMS Collaboration (2017). Coherent J\/\u03c8 photoproduction in ultra-peripheral PbPb collisions at sNN = 2.76 TeV with the CMS experiment. Phys. Lett. B, 772, 489."},{"key":"ref_117","unstructured":"LHCb Collaboration (2022). Study of coherent J\/\u03c8 production in lead\u2013lead collisions at sNN = 5 TeV. J. High Energy Phys., 7, 117."},{"key":"ref_118","unstructured":"ALICE Collaboration (2013). Charmonium and e+e\u2212 pair photoproduction at mid-rapidity in ultra-peripheral Pb-Pb collisions at sNN = 2.76 TeV. Eur. Phys. J. C, 73, 2617."},{"key":"ref_119","unstructured":"ALICE Collaboration (2013). Coherent J\/\u03c8 photoproduction in ultra-peripheral Pb-Pb collisions at sNN = 2.76 TeV. Phys. Lett. B, 718, 1273\u20131283."},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"055206","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevC.93.055206","article-title":"Coherent photoproduction of vector mesons in ultraperipheral heavy ion collisions: Update for run 2 at the CERN Large Hadron Collider","volume":"93","author":"Guzey","year":"2016","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. C"},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"011902","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevC.84.011902","article-title":"Vector meson production in coherent hadronic interactions: Update on predictions for energies available at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and the CERN Large Hadron Collider","volume":"84","author":"Gon","year":"2011","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. C"},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"094027","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevD.96.094027","article-title":"Color dipole predictions for the exclusive vector meson photoproduction in pp, pPb, and PbPb collisions at run 2 LHC energies","volume":"96","author":"Gon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. D"},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"024901","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevC.97.024901","article-title":"Coherent and incoherent J\/\u03c8 photonuclear production in an energy-dependent hot-spot model","volume":"97","author":"Cepila","year":"2018","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. C"},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physletb.2017.07.063","article-title":"Probing subnucleon scale fluctuations in ultraperipheral heavy ion collisions","volume":"772","author":"Mantysaari","year":"2017","journal-title":"Phys. Lett. B"},{"key":"ref_125","unstructured":"ALICE Collaboration (2024). First Measurement of the |t| Dependence of Incoherent J\/\u03c8 Photonuclear Production. Phys. Rev. Lett., 132, 162302."},{"key":"ref_126","unstructured":"ALICE Collaboration (2023). Exclusive and dissociative J\/\u03c8 photoproduction, and exclusive dimuon production, in p-Pb collisions at sNN = 8.16 TeV. Phys. Rev. D, 108, 112004."},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpc.2016.10.016","article-title":"STARlight: A Monte Carlo simulation program for ultra-peripheral collisions of relativistic ions","volume":"212","author":"Klein","year":"2017","journal-title":"Comput. Phys. Commun."},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"014903","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevC.60.014903","article-title":"Exclusive vector meson production in relativistic heavy ion collisions","volume":"60","author":"Klein","year":"1999","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. C"},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1140\/epjc\/s10052-020-08455-0","article-title":"A new approach to modelling elastic and inelastic photon-initiated production at the LHC: SuperChic 4","volume":"80","author":"Tasevsky","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. Phys. J. C"},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1142\/9789813227767_0009","article-title":"Double, triple, and n-parton scatterings in high-energy proton and nuclear collisions","volume":"29","author":"Snigirev","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Ser. Direct. High Energy Phys."},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physrep.2005.06.002","article-title":"Unraveling hadron structure with generalized parton distributions","volume":"418","author":"Belitsky","year":"2005","journal-title":"Phys. Rep."},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3024","DOI":"10.1140\/epjc\/s10052-014-3024-y","article-title":"Tuning PYTHIA 8.1: The Monash 2013 Tune","volume":"74","author":"Skands","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. Phys. J. C"},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1088\/1126-6708\/2007\/09\/028","article-title":"MadGraph\/MadEvent v4: The New Web Generation","volume":"9","author":"Alwall","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. High Energy Phys."},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1830018","DOI":"10.1142\/S0217751X18300181","article-title":"The XYZ states revisited","volume":"33","author":"Yuan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Mod. Phys. A"},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"094015","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevD.97.094015","article-title":"Heavy-flavored tetraquark states with the QQQ-Q- configuration","volume":"97","author":"Wu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. D"},{"key":"ref_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, G.J., Meng, L., and Zhu, S.L. (2020, January 16\u201318). Spectrum of the fully-heavy tetraquark state QQQ\u00af\u2032Q\u00af\u2032. Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Hadron Spectroscopy and Structure, Trieste, Italy.","DOI":"10.1142\/9789811219313_0051"},{"key":"ref_137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"034037","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevD.111.034037","article-title":"Bottomoniumlike states in proton collisions: Fragmentation and resummation","volume":"111","author":"Celiberto","year":"2025","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. D"},{"key":"ref_138","unstructured":"CMS Collaboration (2014). Measurement of Prompt J\/\u03c8 Pair Production in pp Collisions at s = 7 TeV. J. High Energy Phys., 9, 94."},{"key":"ref_139","unstructured":"LHCb Collaboration (2012). Observation of J\/\u03c8 pair production in pp collisions at s = 7 TeV. Phys. Lett. B, 707, 52\u201359."},{"key":"ref_140","unstructured":"ATLAS Collaboration (2017). Measurement of the prompt J\/\u03c8 pair production cross-section in pp collisions at s = 8 TeV with the ATLAS detector. Eur. Phys. J. C, 77, 76."},{"key":"ref_141","unstructured":"LHCb Collaboration (2024). Measurement of J\/\u03c8-pair production in pp collisions at s = 13 TeV and study of gluon transverse-momentum dependent PDFs. J. High Energy Phys., 3, 88."},{"key":"ref_142","unstructured":"ALICE Collaboration (2023). Measurement of inclusive J\/\u03c8 pair production cross section in pp collisions at s = 13 TeV. Phys. Rev. C, 108, 045203."},{"key":"ref_143","unstructured":"LHCb Collaboration (2023). Associated production of prompt J\/\u03c8 and \u03a5 mesons in pp collisions at s = 13 TeV. J. High Energy Phys., 8, 93."},{"key":"ref_144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nima.2005.08.106","article-title":"SPlot: A Statistical tool to unfold data distributions","volume":"555","author":"Pivk","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nucl. Instrum. Methods A"},{"key":"ref_145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physrep.2020.08.007","article-title":"New Observables in Inclusive Production of Quarkonia","volume":"889","author":"Lansberg","year":"2020","journal-title":"Phys. Rep."},{"key":"ref_146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physletb.2015.10.083","article-title":"J\/\u03c8 -pair production at large momenta: Indications for double parton scatterings and large \u03b1s5 contributions","volume":"751","author":"Lansberg","year":"2015","journal-title":"Phys. Lett. B"},{"key":"ref_147","unstructured":"CMS Collaboration (2024). New Structures in the J\/\u03c8J\/\u03c8 Mass Spectrum in Proton-Proton Collisions at s = 13 TeV. Phys. Rev. Lett., 132, 111901."},{"key":"ref_148","unstructured":"CMS Collaboration (2024). Observation of double J\/\u03c8 meson production in pPb collisions at sNN = 8.16 TeV. Phys. Rev. D, 110, 092002."},{"key":"ref_149","unstructured":"CMS Collaboration (2025). Determination of the spin and parity of all-charm tetraquarks. arXiv."},{"key":"ref_150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"054034","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevD.109.054034","article-title":"Benchmark calculations of fully heavy compact and molecular tetraquark states","volume":"109","author":"Wu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. D"},{"key":"ref_151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang, G., Ping, J., and Segovia, J. (2020). Tetra- and Penta-Quark Structures in the Constituent Quark Model. Symmetry, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/sym12111869"},{"key":"ref_152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nuclphysb.2021.115393","article-title":"Fully-heavy tetraquark spectra and production at hadron colliders","volume":"966","author":"Zhu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nucl. Phys. B"},{"key":"ref_153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132001","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.126.132001","article-title":"Coupled-Channel Interpretation of the LHCb Double-J\/\u03c8 Spectrum and Hints of a New State Near the J\/\u03c8J\/\u03c8 Threshold","volume":"126","author":"Dong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"ref_154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"015004","DOI":"10.1103\/RevModPhys.90.015004","article-title":"Hadronic molecules","volume":"90","author":"Guo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rev. Mod. Phys."},{"key":"ref_155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2802","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scib.2024.07.033","article-title":"Four-charm-quark matter from the CMS collaboration as a witness of the development of high-precision Hadron spectroscopy","volume":"69","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Bull."},{"key":"ref_156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111201","DOI":"10.1088\/0256-307X\/41\/11\/111201","article-title":"Experimental Road to a Charming Family of Tetraquarks \u2026and Beyond","volume":"41","author":"Zhu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chin. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"ref_157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2562","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpc.2013.05.023","article-title":"HELAC-Onia: An automatic matrix element generator for heavy quarkonium physics","volume":"184","author":"Shao","year":"2013","journal-title":"Comput. Phys. Commun."},{"key":"ref_158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpc.2015.09.011","article-title":"HELAC-Onia 2.0: An upgraded matrix-element and event generator for heavy quarkonium physics","volume":"198","author":"Shao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Comput. Phys. Commun."},{"key":"ref_159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192002","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.122.192002","article-title":"Triple Prompt J\/\u03c8 Hadroproduction as a Hard Probe of Multiple-Parton Scatterings","volume":"122","author":"Shao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"ref_160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122001","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.118.122001","article-title":"Triple parton scatterings in high-energy proton-proton collisions","volume":"118","author":"Snigirev","year":"2017","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"ref_161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"CMS Collaboration (2023). Observation of triple J\/\u03c8 meson production in proton-proton collisions. Nat. Phys., 19, 338\u2013350.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41567-022-01838-y"},{"key":"ref_162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"062001","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.117.062001","article-title":"Complete study of hadroproduction of a \u03a5 meson associated with a prompt J\/\u03c8","volume":"117","author":"Shao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."}],"container-title":["Symmetry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-8994\/17\/9\/1521\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T18:44:19Z","timestamp":1760035459000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-8994\/17\/9\/1521"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]]},"references-count":162,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["sym17091521"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/sym17091521","relation":{},"ISSN":["2073-8994"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2073-8994","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]]}}}